Top 10 Commonly Confused Words in Neurobiology

Top 10 Commonly Confused Words in Neurobiology 1. Axon vs. Dendrite The first pair of words that often cause confusion are 'axon' and 'dendrite.' While both are integral parts of a neuron, they serve different functions. Axons transmit signals away from the cell body, acting as the neuron's output. On the other hand, dendrites receive signals from other neurons, serving as the input. So, remember, axons send, and dendrites receive. 2. Synapse vs. Gap Junction Next up, we have 'synapse' and 'gap junction.' These terms refer to the points of contact between neurons. A synapse is a specialized junction where signals are transmitted chemically, using neurotransmitters. In contrast, a gap junction is a direct connection, allowing electrical signals to pass between neurons. So, synapses involve chemicals, while gap junctions involve direct electrical connections. 3. Action Potential vs. Resting Potential Moving on, let's clarify the difference between 'action potential' and 'resting potential.' Neurons have an electrical charge, which can change. The resting potential refers to the neuron's baseline charge when it's not actively transmitting signals. In contrast, an action potential is a brief, rapid change in charge that occurs when a neuron is stimulated. So, resting potential is the baseline, while action potential is the temporary change.