Wiring and Testing Our: P1-M622-16DR Practical Tutorial!

0:03
We will now look at wiring and testing
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our first ladder logic program with the
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P1 M622 IO 16DR mini PLC. Having created
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our start stop motor circuit and learned
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about the monitoring tools in the
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productivity suite software, it's time
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to connect real world devices and see
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our program in action. We will wire a
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start push button, a stop push button,
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and an LED to represent our motor
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output. Then we'll systematically test
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everything. First in stop mode to verify
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our wiring, then in run mode to watch
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the ladder logic execute. This is the
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exciting part where the software meets
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the hardware. Let's get started.
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Detailed information contained in this
0:39
video can be found at acccca.ca.
0:42
A link has been put in the description
0:44
below. The website offers extensive
0:46
links, references, and coding samples,
0:48
making it a one-stop shop for all your
0:50
automation queries.
0:53
Understanding our circuit wiring.
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Before we start wiring, let's understand
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what we're connecting and why. Our start
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stop motor circuit uses start push
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button DI0.1.1
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normally open. The start button is wired
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as a normally open NO contact. When you
1:10
press it, it closes the circuit and
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sends a signal to the PLC input. In our
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latter logic, we use a normally open
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contact instruction. When the physical
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button is pressed, the contact closes,
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allowing power to flow through the rung.
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Stop. push button. DI0.1.1.2
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normally open. Here's where beginners
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often get confused. The physical stop
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button is wired as normally open, but in
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our latter logic, we use a normally
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closed NC contact instruction. Why? We
1:36
want to demonstrate that we can change
1:37
the PLC's logic. The stop input in our
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logic must remain active when no one
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touches it. This is why we use the
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normally closed contact in the program.
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Note, wiring a normally open stop push
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button to any PLC is not a failsafe
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design. If the wire breaks or comes
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loose, the circuit will not treat this
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as a stop condition and will not shut
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down the motor. We will change this in a
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later post. LED light motor DO0.11.1.1.
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The LED represents our motor contactor.
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When the PLC output turns on, the LED
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illuminates, simulating the motor
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running. In a real application, this
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output would control a motor starter or
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contacttor coil.
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The P1 M6226DR terminal block layout.
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The P1M62216DR
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uses an 18 position removable terminal
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block for field wiring. The terminal
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block accepts wire sizes from 30 to 16
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gauge for solid conductors or 28 to 16
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gauge for stranded wire. Strip length
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should be approximately 6 to 7 mm. The
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terminal layout is arranged as follows.
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Inputs eight points. Terminals 1 to 8.
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Input points 1 through 8. C1 common for
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all eight inputs. Power terminal marked
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plus 24 volts DC positive. Terminal
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marked 24 volts DC negative. Outputs
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eight points. Terminals for outputs 1
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through 8. C2 common for all eight relay
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outputs. Why use fererals? We are using
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20 gauge stranded wire. The use of
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fererals is vital in industrial
3:03
automation. Vibration resistance. In
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industrial environments, machinery
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vibration can cause bare stranded wire
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to fatigue and loosen over time. A
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crimped fereral provides superior strain
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relief, optimal conductivity. The
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crimping process deforms the wire and
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fereral together, maximizing surface
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contact area and minimizing electrical
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resistance. Maintenance efficiency.
3:26
Fuels allow for repeated insertion and
3:28
removal without degrading the wire end,
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making troubleshooting and field
3:31
upgrades significantly faster.
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Professional standards using ferals
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aligns with UL and IEC standards,
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ensuring the control cabinet meets the
3:40
highquality benchmarks required for
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modern automation systems.
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Wiring the start push button. The start
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push button is a momentary normally open
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switch. Here's how to wire it. Connect
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one side of the push button to the 24
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volts DC positive supply. Connect the
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other side of the push button to input
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one on the terminal block DI0.11.1.
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The input common C1 should be connected
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to 24V DC negative ground. When you
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press the button, 24 volts DC flows
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through the closed contact to the input,
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registering as on in the PLC.
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Wiring the stop push button.
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The stop push button is also wired as a
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normally open momentary switch. Connect
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one side of the push button to the 24V
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DC positive supply. Connect the other
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side of the push button to input two on
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the terminal block DI0.1.1.2.
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The input common C1 is already connected
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to ground from the previous step.
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Remember, even though the physical
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button is normally open, the ladder
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logic uses a normally closed contact.
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When the button is not pressed, the
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input is off, but the NC contact in the
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ladder is true closed. When you press
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the stop button, the input turns on,
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making the NC contact false open, which
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breaks the circuit and stops the motor.
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Wiring the LED output motor indicator.
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The LED represents our motor output.
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Connect the LED's positive terminal to
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output one on the terminal block DO01.1.
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Connect the negative side of the LED to
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ground through a current limiting
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resistor, typically 470 ohms to 1
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kiloohms for 24V DC. Since we are
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connecting to an LED module with a
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built-in resistor, we can connect
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directly. The P1 M62216DR
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has relay outputs rated for 6 to 30 volt
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DC or 6 to 120 volts AC at 1 amp per
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point. For our LED test, we're well
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within the specified limits. Important,
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the relay outputs are form a single pole
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single throw contacts. You need to
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provide your own external power source
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for the output devices. The relay simply
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switches this power on and off.
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Testing in PLC stop mode. Before we run
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our program, we need to verify that all
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wiring is correct. This is a critical
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step that many beginners skip. Don't
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make that mistake. Testing in stop mode
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lets us check our IO without the program
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running. Step one, put the PLC in stop
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mode. Turn the CPU selector switch to
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the stop position. The run LED on the
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CPU should turn off. Step two, open data
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view. In Productivity Suite, open the
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data view panel. Tools, jot, data view,
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or control plus shift + F3. You can also
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use the IO view for a graphical
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representation of all inputs and
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outputs. Step three, test input one,
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start push button. Press and hold the
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start push button. Watch the data view.
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DI0.11.1
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should change from off, unchecked, to
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on, checked. The input LED on the PLC
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front panel should also illuminate.
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Release the button and verify it returns
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to off.
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This confirms your start button wiring
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is correct. Step four, test input two,
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stop push button. Press and hold the
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stop push button. Watch DI0.1.1.2
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in data view. It should change from off
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to on. Release and verify it returns to
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off. In the latter logic, the stop will
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change from on to off when the normally
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closed contact is pressed. When we
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release the stop button, the ladder
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logic contact returns to on. This
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confirms your stop button wiring is
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correct. Step five, force the output to
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test LED wiring. Now, we need to test
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the wiring for our output. Since we're
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in stop mode, the program isn't running.
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So, we'll manually force the output on.
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In data view, find DO0.1.1.
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Check the edit checkbox. Check the force
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checkbox. Check the value check box to
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set it on. Click the send edits button.
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The LED will not illuminate. However,
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the ladder logic will show that the
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output will be on. So we can only check
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the outputs when running our program.
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When a productivity PLC is in stop mode,
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the CPU stops scanning the application
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logic. Consequently, output modules are
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typically set to a safe state, usually
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off, to prevent unintended machine
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operation. If we need to check each
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output separately, we can use the end
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statement after each one. The program
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will only scan until the end statement
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before returning to the start of the
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latter logic. As each output is
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confirmed, we can remove the end
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statements. Step six, remove the force.
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Uncheck the force check box for DO0.1.1
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and click send edits to remove the
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force. The LED should turn off. If you
8:14
are enjoying this video, please hit the
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like button below. Keeping up with all
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the latest automation innovations can be
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difficult, so hit the subscribe button.
8:22
Remember to hit the bell beside your
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subscription to receive the
8:24
notifications.
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Testing in PLC run mode. Now that we've
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verified all our input wiring is
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correct, let's run the program and watch
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the ladder logic execute. Step one, put
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the PLC in run mode. Turn the CPU
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selector switch to the run position. The
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run LED on the CPU should illuminate
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green. Step two, enable monitoring in
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the ladder editor. Ensure you click the
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monitor icon in the task window toolbar.
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Your ladder logic will now show
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real-time states with green on and red
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off indicators. Step three, open data
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view IO. Keep the data view panel open
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so you can see the tag values change in
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real time alongside the ladder logic.
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Step four, test the start stop sequence.
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Test the start function. Press the start
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push button. Watch DI01.1.1
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turn on green in the ladder and data
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view. The output DO0.1.1
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should turn on. The LED should
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illuminate. Release the start button.
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The output should stay on because of the
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ceiling contact. Test the seal circuit
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with the motor running. LED on. Observe
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the ladder logic. You'll see DI0 pair
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1.1.1 start is off. Red because you
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released the button. DO01.1.1
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seal contact is on green. This is
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keeping the circuit energized. DI0.1.1.2
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stop NC contact is true. Green because
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the stop button is not pressed. DO01.1
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motor output is on. Green. Test the stop
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function. Press the stop push button.
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Watch DI01.1.2
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turn on in data view. The NC contact in
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the ladder opens. Turns red. The output
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DO0.11.1.1
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turns off. The LED turns off. Release
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the stop button. The motor stays off
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until start is pressed again.
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Understanding what you're seeing. As you
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test, pay attention to these key
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observations. The seal contact in
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action. When you press start
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momentarily, the motor turns on and
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stays on. This is because the output
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DO0.1.1
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feeds back as a parallel contact with
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the start button. Once the output is on,
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it holds itself on. This is called a
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seal or latch circuit. The NC stop
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contact. The stop button uses a normally
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closed contact in the ladder even though
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the physical button is normally open.
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Watch what happens. Stop not pressed
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input is off but NC contact is true
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closed allows current flow. Stop pressed
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input is on. NC contact is false open
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breaks the circuit. The priority of stop
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over. Start. Try this. Hold both buttons
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at the same time. The motor will not
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run. Stop always wins because the NC
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contact is in series with the circuit.
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This is intentional safety design.
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Troubleshooting common issues. LED
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doesn't light when forced. Check the
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polarity of your wiring. LEDs are
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polarized. Verify the current limiting
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resistor value. Confirm that the output
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common has a return path to ground.
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Input doesn't register when the button
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is pressed. Verify 24 volts DC is
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present at the button. Check the common
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C1 connection to ground. Inspect wire
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connections at the terminal block. Motor
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starts but won't seal. Verify the seal
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contact address matches the output
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address. Check that the output is
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actually turning on. Watch the LED.
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Motor won't stop. Verify the stop button
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is wired to the correct input. Confirm
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the ladder uses an NC contact for stop.
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Check for a stuck start button. Next
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time we will look at using online
11:45
editing programming to modify our
11:47
program with or without the PLC scanning
11:49
the logic. The Productivity Mini PLC
11:53
series from Automation Direct and
11:54
specifically the P1 M62216DR
11:58
is a compact powerhouse that packs
12:00
serious capability into a surprisingly
12:02
small footprint. To see our first ladder
12:05
logic, click here. Click here to build
12:06
digital twins of 3D virtual machinery,
12:08
test control logic, and learn automation
12:10
without expensive hardware using machine
12:13
simulator.

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Wiring and Testing Our: P1-M622-16DR Practical Tutorial!

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