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hi everyone I'm Kell ooro and this is adaptable Behavior explained hi
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everybody thank you so much for tuning in today I really appreciate your time and I'm especially excited for this
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episode of counselor Cafe I have a friend and colleague with me today Barry lit and he's going to talk about
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relationships and attachment and all sorts of other cool things that are relevant to all of you and um so I'm
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just excited to have him here he's out of New Hampshire and we're really lucky to have him here on our show today so
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Barry please introduce yourself and thank you so much for being here well thanks Kelly for having me it's a real
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treat it's a real treat to be with you uh so I'm trained as a marriage and family therapist I've been in the field
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for about 40 years now half of which is with um doing EMDR and now I'm an EMDR
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uh consult consultant and my early training in uh object relations and family systems has
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been a very very uh helpful marriage with the Adaptive information processing
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model of EMDR and I've been able to integrate those can I chime in for just a quick
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second there for those of you who haven't watched earlier episodes adaptive information processing is
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really just the theory by which we all grow and develop we are learning creatures and mammals and so everything
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we ever did we learned whether it was epigenetically or now uh in our environments and so so that's what Barry
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is an expert in and I'm excited to hear how he marries these topics together okay well thanks for that that
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clarification right that's that's sort of the driving engine of EMDR is is what makes people process through emotional
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traumas we say from the bottom up emotionally right uh and
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somatically um so I've been able to take my my learning in evolution over the
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years uh into three different chapters and three different books and and workshops and trainings all throughout
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the US and Canada um and that's what I'll be doing in San Diego in May and so
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that's you know an exciting next piure for and for those for those therapists watching uh if you haven't seen Barry
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present it's not to be missed he's Dynamic and and so charismatic and and really relatable and so it's so fun so
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thank you so much for that and um um I'm I'm excited to Dive Right In so I'm going to give a little background on why
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this topic is so important for all people not just therapists uh we are we are just hardwired to be reactive to our
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environments and it's how we're wired and built and so everything in our environment stimulates memory and
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sometimes that memory recalled is good and doesn't have any problematic Behavior associated with it and
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sometimes the memory is maladaptively encoded in other words we end up triggered as if something
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uh that we're seeing tasting feeling touching smelling today uh it reminds us of something that happened in the past
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that was negatively stored and so those are called triggers or reminders in our nervous system and I want to make sure
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we talk about that because I want my next question for Barry to have a little bit of u a a preamble so that those who
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don't know what that is uh you have that background so Barry knowing that we all
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as humans get triggered knowing that we don't want to and we judge our reactions
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and often times those triggers really interrupt or uh create problems in our
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relationships because we are getting our stuff on others when it's not necessarily their their problem to deal
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with so in all your years of experience both clinically and in consultation how do you understand why people react
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poorly to stimulus or why they get triggered from a zoomed out place right
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right great question so to be sure you know you you mentioned the role of memory and the role of memory in humans
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is to predict so we know what the next Watering Hole is it's so we know where the the Lion's Den is it's to anticipate
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problems after all we did evolve in a predator pre environment so safety is you know uh of Chief importance
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certainly in the way we evolved even though in the modern society it it may take a backseat to other concerns but
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that's not what our nervous system thinks our nervous system is always kind of on the lookout and so while trauma
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can affect different people differently and we can't really predict who's going to be traumatized by what and that's
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because it's a subjective reaction to an event as opposed to the event itself but
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we do know is that the way people react can be sort of clustered or understood
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is is generally speaking for the most part going to land in one or more of
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three domains of self-experience or do domains of self-experience this is
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threats to the continuity of my sense of self in the world and I can mention what
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those three are and then and then kind of circle back and and say a little bit about yeah please do and when you say
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domains of self or identity can you give an example of what that would look like or will you do that when you explain
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those three domains I will yes okay uh okay so something bad happens it's going to
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hit me in one of these one or more of these three domains they include attack attachment Merit and safety so the
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attachment domain this is typically trauma within the first three years of life um research shows that about 40% of
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individuals have an insecure attachment style that means that there was some more or less uh fracture of their
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attachment relationship with the primary caregiver so that's going to be a persistent feature of their sense of not
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only self but self in relation to other the next domain is what I call the Merit
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domain this is concerns with self-worth self-esteem and so forth so while in the
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first group it affects you know roughly 40% of the population nobody gets
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through the Merit domain unscathed we are wired to doubt ourselves and to
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compare ourselves to others often so the mer main really can involves everybody
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and that's about feeling not good enough or a failure or not this enough or not that enough and then finally the safety
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domain this is the sense of the world as generally a safe place gets fractured by
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some event that you know at least I perceive as a threat to my my safety or Vitality a life-threatening event and so
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this is for those who have you know experienced life-threatening events combat trauma motor vehicle accidents um
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or things that created that fight flight or free response that says I'm going to
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die so anything that occurs is going to land in one or more uh of those three domains right and
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I think that for our viewers you nobody questions those safety domain oriented
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injuries people don't argue about you know combat threat or car accidents or
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explosions or tsunamis and nobody judges the reactivity in a human when there's a
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safety violation of self uh and and that looks and tastes or reacts in the world
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in a way that isn't suitable for the now you know if there's a soldier back from combat and he drops to the floor when he
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hears a balloon pop at a party people might go oh but they don't judge him
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because it makes sense that that's how he learned to survive and that one becomes so very obvious right you know
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where I think I want to really zoom in a little bit more and I know that both Merit and attachment systems are are
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incredibly important and will impa relationships I think that that the topic that doesn't seem to get on
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people's Radars in an obvious way are those zero to3 memories that really grossly affect the attachment system and
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I think part of that is because we don't have a lot of explicit memory tied to those things and we're not taught to
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associate those experiences as children that well you know what if my dad works out of town six of seven days a week I'm
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not going to feel like I'm safe in the world related to his connection and and love for me and it must be something
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wrong with me that he leaves me all the time and people don't understand how that so greatly impacts how we believe
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in ourselves in relationship yeah that's very true that's a really good point yeah in point of fact uh for the most
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part we don't form uh explicit memories in the first three years so all the the remembering is not conscious remembering
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it's implicit remembering and say more about implicit yeah so implicit memory
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is the stuff you learn you don't realize you're learning like you know how do you put your pants on like nobody taught you
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that it wasn't the way you learned you know like the the capital of Brazil it was something you experienced and
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encoded without even knowing it was going on how do you open a door knob these are things that we do all the time
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implicitly that is without conscious thought and how we relate what we expect of caregivers what we expect in terms of
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you know how safe I'm going to be with a caregiver will I be um understood seen
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comforted by a caregiver there's no language for this in the first few years these are you know preverbal years for
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the most part but it's experienced and that experien is encoded and so my
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system my attachment system is striving to figure away a a hand and glove fit
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with my primary caregiver right this system will persist go ahead right oh no
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I I was just going to say and I think that what people don't understand is how incredibly important those first three
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years are to for the for the individual to develop in a sense of I'm worthy I
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matter I'm lovable I belong all of those end up so deeply learned right without
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learning without without someone teaching us and so we decide who we are in relationship to our value for others
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and and when that's done poorly there's so much shame associated with that
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presenting issue and so we have a lot of shame that we have to overcome often times I think of that as a little bit of
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a of a of a red flag for me as a therapist like there's probably some really early developmental attachment
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wounding we have to look at when shame is just at the Forefront of presenting issues would you would you agree with that yes I would now shame can certainly
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be um associated with um trauma in the Merit domain I'm not good enough I'm a
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failure uh and I feel embarrassed or shamed but to be sure shame and fear are
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are sort of the the companion emotions of attachment trauma and sometimes it
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can be you know quite uh you know self-evident like oh I can't stand to be
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alone you know if I'm alone uh then I I'm fearful and and I'm not comfortable
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and yet my friends and neighbors are have no problem but a lot of times it's not quite so clear it could be that I'm
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fine when I'm by myself it could be that when I have a partner who doesn't pay attention to me or ignore me or gives me
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you know the the Stone Face you know that that might be very
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triggering so for some folks being I don't know where I stand I don't know where I stand with them if their face
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doesn't give me some information that says I see you I feel you you matter and
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they have you know they lost their car keys and so they have a scowl and the
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person thinks uh what's wrong what did I do why exactly yeah so you know you know
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we're always reading each other and again implicitly unconsciously some of that becomes conscious like oh I noticed
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that you have a scowl but unconsciously my mirror neurons my
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Monkey C Monkey Do neurons are are looking to you as a mirror and it's as
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if you know we're playing mirror and mirror on the wall all the time and I look in the mirror and I don't see a reflection coming
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back and that's a freaky outy thing right and and now I'm going to make some
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attributions you don't love me anymore you don't want me anymore I've done
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something horrible I'm alone I'm abandoned and now I'm back to this
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horrible place that I would have experienced probably countless times as
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as a as an infant as a toddler right and of course not in memory but in in
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sematic memory this is so familiar and I don't understand why right I don't
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understand why now there's an attribution process that that takes place I'm going to feel very bad but it
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happened when you gave me that stonewalling nothing face therefore face
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is is the problem you're the problem your face you're the problem your face is the problem that expression you gave
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me it's it's the responsibility of why I feel the way I feel Bango yes so you
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know in in one of the virtues of the model of understanding that these are
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triggers that that people carry is if I'm activated like that my
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natural inclination is to point the finger you know and attribute it to
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something you're doing or not doing there's this old adage you know if I if I point the finger at you I got three
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pointing back at me right and and that's useful in terms of stepping back and saying okay what am I going through I'm
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really activated what does that mean I'm I'm really emotional I'm fearful I feel
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shame h I mean I want to say it's your fault but you know knowing myself this
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is I'm alone I don't matter I'm not enough this is a me thing this is my
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attachment trauma right it's not a character flaw you know it's it's it's just a part of my early wiring exactly
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and getting some knowledge about our own histories really can help us start to connect those dots so so how do you
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understand the critical components of of the attachment relationship in the therapeutic setting
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you know as far as healing our wounds as people come in and see us right right good question so when people see a
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therapist you know it's a vulnerable relationship it's an intimate relationship and so people are going to
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transfer that attachment style onto the therapist that's what we call the word
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transference and for that matter the therapist is a human too and the therapist is going to transfer you know
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my own attachment style into that relationship and we call that counter transfer it's the same phenomena we had
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counter and we talking about the therapist but it's the same thing so the attuned therapist and therapists you
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know the old adage know thyself very important I can use my reactions to the
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client I can study my client's ability to to be open or to be candid or their
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variously guarded uh as tools to understand what their attachment system
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is doing how it's playing out in the therapy and the reporting from the
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client in addition to my observation can help me understand how this attachment
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is playing out in their actual lives um that and what happens in our office is
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likely what's happening outside of our office yes yes Al great data although
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yes in a much more minimized form generally speaking because people are on their best behavior right um and the
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therapist you know is a a secure attachment figure you know
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we're we're trained and disciplined to be non-reactive um the whole structure of
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therapy is that um I don't rely on my clients to you know parent the child
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child or earn income or you know share tasks so by Design the therapeutic
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relationship is is kind of this very uh distilled uh petri dish to to to see
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this play out in a safe way that all s you know for intervention right and and talk a little
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bit about how the attachment relationships that people experience and of course their their wounds related to
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those three domains show up in the office and and how we we have to
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navigate that space right right well uh to be sure uh
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there are you know different styles of attachment and I recommend anybody who's not familiar or um you know wants to
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brush up on to look at your video Kelly on attachment Styles it's it's it's
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thank you very nice it's very clear it's very well done and it delineates you know what these styles are and can give
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us insights into how they might play out um the attachment of of uh an individual
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their style is a persistent feature um it tends to go throughout the lifespan
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and it will modify according to development but the fun fundamental of it will will persist it'll show up in
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the therapy relationship it'll throw up show up in Intimate Partners or at work or anybody who's in that more or less
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close area yeah and that attachment relationship uh that was developed When
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We Were Young that of course like you said it shows up everywhere all the time and without our knowing typically about
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how we show up in the world and it affects uh the way that we are in relationship everywhere we are or
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everywhere we that's absolutely right yeah now these attachment styles that again you did a very lovely job of of
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describing need to be understood as a scaler phenomena as opposed to you know I either have this or I don't have this
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it's like to what extent do I have this style more or less and the more there's
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attachment trauma the more it will be felt by intimate others including the
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therapist so a client presentation for example when the the presenting problems
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are things about like I don't feel like I belong I don't feel like I matter people you know who are close to me
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don't really know me or care about me they don't include me I feel alone these
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are indicators in in the EMDR speak we talk about negative cognitions core beliefs that are
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persistent these are going to show up sooner or later in on the client presentation but the therapist is also
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may come to consultation and say you know I'm not sure what to do with my client I don't feel like I'm providing
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the right service I don't feel like I'm doing enough I feel like I don't have what it takes um I get nervous when they
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enter because I feel like whatever it is you know they're they're too much for me
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well those are the complimentary attitudes so you see what I'm doing is I'm reverberating with that
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same sentiment almost as if telepathically you know I'm feeling their attachment system so I'm actually
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getting data about their early life even if we're talking about you know their time at work so the therapist can
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utilize this uh and and it's hard and it's challenging but with consultation
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it can be very helpful to utilize this to feed it back in a corrective way in in the therapy right and we're creating
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new memory Moment by moment in the therapeutic setting that can help reestablish I can you know I can show up
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a certain kind of way if I'm a client and the therapist can then mirror back a more appropriate stance based on that
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experience and create new Pathways and and uh and help make make known make
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what was implicit explicit in that experience so that they have awareness
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of those past present connections because we bring to light what's happening in that and of course what it's happen what's happening in their
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relationships which which you know better than I do that's what brings people into therapy most of the time is
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you know my partner my husband my child my whatever and I dot dot Dot and they
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dot dot dot right you know that's right that's right and that partner child you
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know uh husband spiles Whatever May in fact do dot dot dot but the real issue
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is how does it affect me and am I being triggered and so my triggers are my
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problem to solve this is a good news bad news situation for for people for
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clients the the bad news is that these attachment styles are very persistent that is the nature of Being Human to
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attribute it to outside sources it's it's what the other person did it's what the situation is it's the world is
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coming apart that's why I feel this way um and so there's often a tug-of-war
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with Partners or with a therapist about well no it's it it's not I'm doing something wrong it's my partner it's not
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I'm reacting anybody would feel this way so there has to be sort of a a battle
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about um attribut tion to what do I attribute this um I'm not going to change how the world is or is not coming
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apart no but the good news part is that I can come into Mastery over what my
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nervous system is doing with these things uh and that's where bottom up therapy like EMDR really comes into to
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play my reactions are from the emotional brain I'm not going to talk myself out
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of these things I can try but I'll probably just wind up beating myself up
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uh because I'm I'm using the wrong tool you know for the wrong problem um the intellectual part of my brain is really
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not the driver it's the emotional part and the sematic part so a bottom
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so-called bottomup therapy is about transforming what my nervous system is doing with these various triggers so
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that now I can rise above my reactivity and then find a skillful compassionate
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way of dealing with these things right that better matches today's circumstances and slows my system down
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enough so that I have time for choice because that reactivity is is just it's without
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choice because it's so somatically informed and it's too fast and that's because by Design By You know the
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brain's design to go that fast on purpose to keep us safe alive and well and so when it's obsolete when it's an
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obsolete reaction that slowing down helps us have a response which is so much better serving for our
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relationships and the now and of course can better match our our circumstances of the now so we reduce that encoding
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so what what are the known implications for you what what are the implications
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of this known quantity when it comes to how do we as humans need to take account
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for knowing this right right so I mentioned the the the challenge of
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attributional process that I I have a natural tendency to want to say it's someone else's
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fault the adaptation of this attachment style may have had a very important role
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when I was you know a youngster but as a grownup I'm going to have a tendency to continue to to play this out even if
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it's obsolete and example of something we might have done as a child that was
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serving and necessary but then when we do it in our partner relationships how it's problematic oh sure that's a great
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question and and again I'll just reference you know your own video on attachment style so the dismiss of
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avoidant attachment style of adulthood comes from an early childhood where
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caregivers are reliable unsafe or UNS soothing and there could be a thousand
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reasons for that it could be anything from primary care give her usually the mom you know was sick was anxious was
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depressed you know was being beaten up you know that she's ill that she's absent I mean that the list really goes
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on there doesn't have to be a bad guy but it means as an early as an early
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toddler infant when I seek safety and the caregiver is not the thing that
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provides safety I may turn inward I may turn to toys I may turn into to rituals
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I may play by myself and so very early on I take my attachment is just aimed
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like like beaming outward and instead I I curtail it and I beam it inward to
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take care of myself um children who are doing this are often dissociative they
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actually have uh anesthesia going on they don't feel so much distress so they look they could look fairly content um
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but they're stress is is out of awareness dissociated well that's suitable for that early childhood
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environment but you know try to run an intimate adult relationship that way so when my partner makes a bid for
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attention affection Attunement it does not compute uh and I
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might shut down I might have that anesthesia happen again that dissociation I might turn away uh the
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stonewalling I referenced earlier you know if my partner's upset with me and my partner is is engaging in Conflict
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which is often just a bid for more engagement I may shut down and dissociate and I don't know what to do
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with that it's so unfamiliar right because I couldn't get the attention of my caregivers when I was young and so I don't know what to do
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with this now exactly and it might over me but that won't be my attribution
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however my attribution will be oh well my partner's too needy my partner's too demanding my partner just wants to fight
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I don't like fighting I'm a peaceful person I don't see the need for all this emotionality so you know often people
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will invent a story we're we're wired for a story we figure it out and we want to say here's here's what's happening
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and this is why exactly this is why I feel this way right so you know that
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couple may wind up very likely triggering each
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other's uh injuries so you know I'm triggered in that you know the the in
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the in the attachment domain of self because my partner is is demanding relational engagement that is
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overwhelming to me and my shutting down May trigger my partner's attachment
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insecurity you see and then we're often running right and so so often happens
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that's right and so what often happens is is each of us sees the problem as the
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other one and we attribute the solution as you know belonging to the partner or
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belonging to you know if my father only told me he was proud of me that would be like a merit domain type of thing then I
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would feel good about myself if if my children excelled in school then I would
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feel successful that's a merit domain thing um if my partner you know engaged
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with me more intimately then I wouldn't feel so alone that's an attachment thing
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so we tend to get into this battle of well you need to to change so I feel
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better and my partner counter well no no you need to change so I feel better yes
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but I feel worse than you do because because you did this terrible thing right well no no no I feel worse than
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you you owe it to me because last week you did two terrible things right yes but I had I had a bad childhood yeah
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well you had a bad childhood I had no childhood I was raided by Wolves you know I I I got fed by you know raccoons
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taught me how to open trash cans that's the kind of childhood you owe it to me right and so what I call a
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race to the bottom you know that suffering is associated with entitlement
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and if I suffer more I'm entitled to have caregiving right and so couples
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often Partners Collide in terms of who's entitled to be caring for whom right you
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know see each of us want to be me me me and in ser and in service of the discharge of our own pain and discomfort
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we fall into the blame game that's it in the projection game that's right and it's easier for feeling my
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responsibility to clean up my reactivity on my side of the street absolutely and
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also I don't think you know I don't believe that people know they're doing it for the most part I think people are
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not doing this by choice I think they're doing this by not because they've not known any other way and they don't
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understand how to attribute their emotional experience to something that isn't happening right now they just
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don't know we should learn this when we're young young and of course that's not that's that's not what happens for us so you know I think the the bullet
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point here is we have to clean up our side of the street in relationships and we can control our reactivity and we can
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become masters of our own nervous system with putting in the work for sure yes well said very well said so so when
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thinking about the healing Journey what do you think is the primary Pitfall that you see whether coming from the client
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perspective or the therapist's perspective yeah so I'll I'll Circle back to the attributional process so so
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often for example when when couples in particular but individuals as well come
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to to therapy often they're looking for a relational solution to an intas
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psychic or psychological problem if my partner would do more of this and less of that I would feel safe I would feel
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secure I would feel like I'm good enough if my uh I I just had somebody the other
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week you know I like it when my partner says you know you're pretty well that
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you know that sounds very benign and isn't that a nice thing but the problem is what if my partner doesn't think I'm
30:03
pretty I mean it's it's really possible that I'm I'm not that pretty to my partner I mean that's just a reality or
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that I'm not good at something or that they don't like my sule I mean it's got to be fair game that my partner can be
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honest with me and I need to have the resilience to to to bend like Willow and
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not break like glass uh but if you see I'm really traumatized would say in the Merit domain my partner says you know
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doesn't say I'm pretty or I don't look good in this or my sule is is burnt and I feel as a traumatic injury again my
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go-to is to say well you see this is this is you you're too critical you're not nice enough you're not kind enough
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this is really a a me problem and as I said before I might have to go several
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rounds with my therapist before I can accept that this is a trigger in me right one of my one
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of my common statements to clients is I I get they did all those things and that
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totally sucks for you and they're not in here yeah right since they're not here
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would you be okay learning how to tolerate and or show up for yourself in
31:12
a different way than you currently do yes absolutely and if so let's do that because they're they're not here I can't
31:18
control anything they're doing and furthermore we can't ever control anything anyone else ever does and so
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our most primary ability would be in Chang in the way that we respond to
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people's reactions or statements or stimulus in the world and that's like where we become the most empowered yes
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absolutely and in fact can I share a little tip that sometimes I I find
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augments that please that process so it's a it's a an exercise that I I I
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call the convincer and it's it's based on a very bad psychological phenomena that we
31:55
really do not understand and that is to to say that we typically have different emotional reactions from one eye to the
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other not always but sometimes and so when a client says well of course I'm
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upset because my partner did X I might invite them to do this exercise and and to say so cover an eye
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and think about how upset you are and give it a number 0 to 10 yeah it's an
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eight you know my partner did this terrible thing to Me Now cover the other eye huh
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that's more like a two what's the big deal now it doesn't always go that
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smoothly and every now and then you know the eyes are the same but 90% of the
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time are better there's a differential what's very hard to say that my partner is a real jerk with this
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eye but is like okay in that eye like how does that happen how did reality changed that much so I call it the
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convincer because it's a very visceral way to get into touch with the fact that no this is a really my reaction to yes
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my partner did in fact do X and not y but it's my reaction my relationship to
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those behaviors that's really at play that's awesome like an internal fact Checker yeah that's right yes so that
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can be that can somehow you know Leap Frog some of the the the tug of war about you know is this a is this
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cleaning up my side of the street or is no I just got to find a different partner right that's great cool
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being that clients will be able to to see like with that convincer oh okay so
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I can see more it's my side of the street what what do clients need to do to heal so the theory of change from my
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point of point is is a three-legged stool of getting it doing it and feeling
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it differently now the getting it part that's that's kind of the thing that happens most quickly that's because the
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front part of our brain that's where we learned the capital of Brazil we can learn stuff we can have Insight um in
33:59
another language it's called cognitive restructuring it could be called psychoeducation but I need to learn that
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there's you know things that I'm doing my partner's doing that there's a model of fair play that I can learn and I can
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become acquainted with so there were rules about conduct that I can learn rules about exactly what we're talking
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about about reactivity doing it differently means oh instead of engaging in a in a fight is
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there a way I can step back listen more patiently have more compassion and
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concern um or set good limits however the doing it it hinges on
34:37
the feeling it differently so if my emotional brain isn't really resourced
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enough to do it differently I will invariably fall back on Old Habits so
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getting it doing it and feeling it differently is to me the essence of of
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therapy and the getting it part that's the talk therapy that most of us are familiar with uh the doing it you know
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sometimes cognitive behavioral therapy emphasizes doing it or relational therapies emphasized doing it and the
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feeling it is really that bottomup processing that we've been talking about is changing how my nervous system
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responds to stimuli so that I actually have my frontal lobes available to me to be more skillful to have choices yes
35:23
yeah so so tell us why you like to tmdr therapists about this
35:28
concept well I love to teach about this concept to me you know the human
35:34
condition is endlessly fascinating um I think that therapy is
35:39
is still a little more art than science there's an art to being aun there's an art yeah uh timing when to time or how
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to time my interventions um the how to be with people you know in in in counseling 101
35:54
It's You Know lesson one build rapport now let lesson two like it's just
36:03
overlooked just comes naturally it does not come naturally right our own attachment Styles our own lived history
36:09
is going to influence how we engage with clients so the good news is that there were rules and there were rules even
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though it's an art there are guide guide rails that kind of keep me understanding like what makes people tick what is the
36:24
source of their suffering what are some of the channels through which they can heal how can their relationships become
36:32
more optimal optimized for you know safety responsibility trust building um and
36:39
it's it's a beautiful Enterprise that is to me a rich combination of theory I
36:46
have to understand The Human Condition I need to know what the guide rails are for the client for me and technique uh
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like the the convincer I just showed you and and a whole number of techniques that I've developed over the years to
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really augment that feeling at differently stage that's awesome well I am so very
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excited to have gotten to hear from you today and um I feel like I could talk
37:13
with you all day long and have a thousand questions and uh I'm so grateful for for your willingness to
37:20
meet with me and share with share with our viewers a lot of these really important insights that quite frankly
37:26
probably should have learned in high school and just you know coursework that says here's how people work and here's
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how it might be problematic if you don't understand you know wouldn't that have been nice more so than algebra at least for
37:39
me and probably most yeah I know yeah ways we could have spent our time more
37:45
wisely uh but anyways I just thank you again for coming and uh being with us
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today and I look forward to more time with you in the future and we'll probably have to do this again sometime
37:56
so again and thank you Kelly and thanks for your generosity yes absolutely so uh
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hopefully you enjoyed this episode everybody I really appreciate your tur tuning in and please make sure that you
38:08
share this or subscribe if you want to see more content like this and of course
38:14
uh don't forget to lead with love it'll never steer you