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Hi mates, let's take a look at what functions are and how they work in programming
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A function is a block of code that has a specific task and is executed when being called by
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the calling program. Well, a calling program is a piece of code that can be used to call a function in your
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code in order to execute that function. Talking about types, we have two main types, built-in functions and user-defined functions
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Built-in functions are coded by the language developers and we can use them in our program
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without having to define them, while user-defined functions are defined by us according to our needs
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A function usually has five main components, the return type, function name, arguments
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the body of function, and a returning value. The return type basically specifies what type of value the function will return to a calling
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program, what should be its data type. The function name is what makes the function recognizable
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It is compulsory to set a function name. Arguments are values that a function can accept and can work with it
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They are optional, we can have a function with zero arguments. The body contains one or more lines which defines the function according to our requirement
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The returning value is what a function should be returning to the calling program
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An example from C++ with two arguments. It's returning an integer value
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Function name is sum, taking two integer type arguments and returning its sum in the function body
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The function call is passing five intents as integers and storing its result in variable result
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The five intent will be cached and simply return its sum. By the help of cout object, it will display the result
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A second example is from Python, a function with zero arguments. The function name is welcome underscore message, taking no arguments and it's simply printing
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a welcome message. The calling program is storing the result in message variable and then printing that
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out through the print function. That's all, hopefully it clears your concept about functions
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Thanks for watching, see you soon
