Linux - File systems

so let us start with this file system

practical we are going to start with our

terminal into our Linux machine so we

can manage or to scan it file systems

even by the utilities provided to you

that it is your desk utility I'm just

going to show you over here so that at

least you will have an idea of the disk

utility generally you have so you can

see this is the devices which is

attached to my system I have right now

one hard test here and see it's on CD

drivers are somewhat you know hard tests

which has a by default attached into my

Linux operating system so now I want to

attach one more than so I have already

attached one does so just we need to

synchronize and check whether it has

been detected into our kernel or not so

I'll use

I can use the fdisk

space - L come on so it's not showing me

because I'm not a root user so a limited

user cannot handle the administration

tasks so I'm going to switch the user to

the root and this is the password of my

root now I have assigned here okay so

I'm in the root now now I'll give the

same command of this space - L it will

show me the list of discs I have you can

see it's showing me the list of the sky

have into my system so it is showing me

the first disc which is the SDA disc of

your near about a dt v8 8 or 9 TB and

this is the partitions I have created on

that disc and also and also there is on

other partition for the disc if we have

it will show you those discs as well

you

so the order discussed not detected just

I'll reboot my machine and then we will

be able to get this thing so I just

rebooted

you

so my system is restarted again I'm

moving to the terminal okay so I'm going

to

it's run the same command before that

I'll just log in at my work Logan and

then I'm going to run the command

quality of space - your fdisk

space - l so you can see there are two

different tests which will be listed

over here can also see it in a page wise

so that again you can easily get the

information so very first is we have

that is SDA which we have seen and the

second disc we have now that is your STP

so where Steve contains two different

partitions while as GV contains no

partitions into it and I want to create

partitions into STP so the same thing

you generally get into the utility of

your disk as well so you can check into

utility now you have two different discs

one is of 20g v around and the other is

off I get 6 GB around so this - just I

have added into my machine now I want to

now create some partitions into the disk

so for creating the partition we have to

give the command called as fdisk of this

space slash dave slash the name of the

disk so right now the disk which I have

connected which is applying this it

contains the name STP I'll just keep the

utilities in a boost that you can even

check it graphically so this is the SDA

and this is your STP so I am going to

create partitions into it so till now

this is a completely blank hard disk

with unknown file system it is showing

you so I'm going to create the

partitions and defining the file systems

and do it so now I'm going to move into

the f-test /th is DP now it's asking me

like you are going to create and you

don't we are going to manage your tests

so if you require some help you can

press and for getting the help so that

it will show you the key leaders we can

use for creating managing the partitions

now very first let me check the number

of partitions we do have existing into

the Rhino hard disk so for that we can

also give

come on or you can use the he let her

speak so for printing the partition

table so I'll check

there is no partition has been created

as of now so for that I want to create a

new partition so I will be creating it

by and so I'll use N and it is asking me

which kind of partitions we have and

which we want to create actually so

generally there are three type of

foundation which we can use in our

create into ms-dos partition table or we

can say MBR partition table they are

three that is your primary extended and

logical partitions so ultimately in MBR

you can create only four partitions

either three primary one extended or

you're out of four of four you can use

as a primary or same thing we can also

use an external partition so external

partition can be only one but if I want

to create more than four partitions like

as I said as I already told you that it

can accept 24 partitions so what I'll be

doing is I'll be creating three primary

one extended and into that I'll be

creating number of partitions the number

of partitions will be creating under the

extended they will be a logical so this

type of partitions you can explore over

things not you will find more rules of

it so right now ultimately we need to

find like there are four partitions or

which are free partitions out of that we

can either create a primary or extended

but again there is no restrictions

extended can be created only once means

three primary one extended or four

primary is your extended we can create

so maximum partition which we can create

is only four so for example I'm going to

create the partition now which the

perfect primary partition have selected

so that I can create a primary partition

partition number it is asking me for

like what will be the name of a number

of the partition defining the default

one that is one and it is asking you for

this sector the hardest sector from

where you are going to create the

partition so we won't come to know cube

from fit sector to with sector I will be

creating 20 GB of

in spite of that we'll skip it and we

are going to define our value from here

so it is asking for the first and last

sector but I do not want to define

anything in two sectors so I can go for

defining into this size so for defining

in two size you need just need to add

the plus sign in front of it

so the solution sign then this size and

then what the size you want again

whether you want to define it when Katie

K bees and bees or gp's so i'll just

define as plus the size I want to define

for the first partition and so for

example Phi GB so I'll define Phi G and

hit enter so we have created with the

first partition showing you the

notification the partition one of type

planets of size 5 GP is set let us check

for it you can see my pressing P I've

been able to create the or check the

partition which I have created so

automatically it will take your cycle or

the sectors of your hard disk

so the sector got started from to 0 for

it and it won't ended on this sector for

creating about 5 GB of partition so this

is what we have next again if I am going

to create a new partition so I'll create

a new partition by pressing Y n right

now I'm going to create an external

partition so ok e and you can define the

name of the partition or the number for

the partition I will define the to

itself again first sector I'm going to

skip and I'm going to add the partition

for my extended as 10 GB done let's

check the partition has been created or

not yeah it has created switches showing

you this is the x-hundred filesystem and

for different kind of file systems we

have different IDs right so same way we

can also create the partition now again

for creating the partition I'll press

and now it's asking me whether you want

to create a primary or a logical so as I

said you can create only one extended it

won't ask you for creating the new

extended partition now because already

you have used it right so

now either I can create one or two

multiple primary partitions that is to

power primary partitions or I can go on

creating the logical partitions and the

logical partition will start numbering

the partitions from five so as of now we

have seen we have created two partition

and got number as one and the other

number as two but now if I create a

logical partition which generally gets

created inside the hex net partition so

external partition is of 10 GB so I can

create the partition max - max of 10 GB

not more than 10 GB like if I cry doing

it I cannot write so it's showing you

I'm out of range so I'll create it off 2

GB hit enter and let us check into print

table now I can see your even the

logical partition has been created and

it's by default created from file and we

cannot change it I know and it won't ask

you to change the number while creating

a logical partition so by default it

will restart creating from 500 words so

this is how generally we create the

partition we have created a primary

partition extended partition and your

logical partition now let us check which

are the type of file systems we do have

into the Linux operating system for

checking the file systems and forgetting

the menu help we can also press M now

here you can see for to check the file

system type or the list of no partition

types we have we can go for pressing L

so L will show you all the filesystem

types we have like fat 516 the different

file systems you generally use into the

day-to-day life right

so by default when you create the

partition you get 83 when you read these

swap partitions you will get 82 when you

create the LVN partitions you get by

default 80 and then if you create an

extended partition

for extended partition you generally

have this that is fine but this is what

the file systems are like if I want to

you know change the file system of my

partition I can also do it from here

like if I want to make my partition as

NTFS so I can also use NTFS volume set

by giving the or changing the partition

type to 86 let us check we have these

partitions created I'm going to change

the last partition type to 86 that is my

NTFS partition just give a command to

change the partition type T which

partition you want to change I want to

change partition number five and define

the codes so that is the 83 which is the

code you need to remember so I'm going

to use 86 so it is X was the code for

your NTFS right so I'm using 86 and hit

enter now I can find here this has

changed to NTFS right so this way you

can change your partition you can create

your partition can change the type

whenever you require if I want to make

it default 83 I can button so this is

how generally we change the file systems

on different kind of file system we have

into the Linux and which it allow you to

create now once you have done with that

all these changes which I have made was

temporary now if I want to make the

changes permanently over the partition

table I need to press W W means right

and quit if I give cube so cuman's quit

without saving so I want to write all

those things into my partition table of

your partition your disk / as Dave / s

DB surgeries and I am going to write it

down so once we have written it

you can check into the of the space - L

and I just now I want to check my desk

SDP which is located into the device it

is showing you some of the three

partitions you have created

and sometimes if you do not get any

entries you can also give the command

called as part pro which will prove your

partitions and you it updates your

corner with the new partition table

part pro right so it will update your

variation table completely okay so

either eight fred is giving you it is

busy cannot right it's okay it generally

liked it

okay so now if i want to use that

particular variation which i have

created so we know we have created the

three partitions which is listed over

here alright I want to use as db5 I

cannot directly move into the they have

/ as DV 5 because it is not sorry that's

t be fine because it is not directory

not in a manner file so it won't take

you to you to access this file in such a

way right and if I try using BR / they

have / as DP why I won't it will create

a new file in spite of it

you

now Holly will be using it very first

what you need to do is you need to

format that particular partition by

using the different file system type

called as ext3 or the latest one which

we have that is the HD for as DP file

format it once you have formatted it it

will show you everything that's been

done or if it contains some error it

will prompt you with the error as well

like for example if I use 6 it will give

you error like there is no such file or

directory right so I have already

formatted it by using the mkfs - t means

type of your file system high view that

is ext4 slash dev slash as gb y ever

have to find so it is formatted so in

the number of time you will format it

can format it but only if you have kept

some data you have to be you know ensure

that your data which you have intuited

it's not an important data because it

will be flushed out completely so once

you have done with the formatting what I

can do is I can when I mount this

partition as we have also discussed it

int slide itself like mounting we need

to locate these particular devices so

for that I'm going to create a directory

into the MT with the name C : for

example and I want to mount slash tape

slash s DP v into MNT C :

so it is mounted if it is no error and

if there is an error means there is a

known something wrong with your file

system or the partition now we can move

into your CD /mnt / c : and you can find

a lost purse phone directory once you

find it you come to know that it is

really mounted so again we can check

from the command called as DF space - a

it will show you the number of drives

which are mounted at which location so

this all are by default mounted and this

is a drive which I have mounted right

now so it is showing me this is the

mounted and right this is source and

this is the destination now if I want to

work into this particular

I'll move into the MNT say :

and I'll start walking right I'll create

a directory

mkdir a b c d whatever i want i can

create same way if i want to create some

touch files one file two and so on right

i can create defaults as well so this

i've created into the partition it's

actually we come to know like we are

walking into the fryer directory but

actually we are working into the

partition we are receiving all the data

into the partition now if i want to you

mount it once i want to remove this

device from the mounting i can give the

command you mount either the source or

either the destination location so I'm

going to define slash tape slash so once

you have done with that you can see it

has been removed completely right and

suppose for example that Ron you again

wanted to be mounted you can also mount

it again by giving the same command into

thee and one more thing before if we

move ahead let us check whether do we

have any data into MNT nothing right so

for that I'm coming out and again I'm

going to mount slash Dave / sgp fire

into MN t and z : move into the /mnt

it's nicely : check for your files we

have recovered all the things because

this was safe in the Tea Party scene not

into this directory so this is how

generally we create a partitions we

mount the partitions and you move even

more you mounted partitions into the

Linux operating system so you can create

your own partitions you can no formats

you can create you know manage it you

can see the date I into it by using this

command so this is what we have seen how

we can manage your file systems into the

Linux operating systems by defining the

different commands we have seen so into

the next video we are looking part on

the user and management and how to

manage their entries how to create the

users into the Linux operating systems

into the next video so keep watching