Linux File Management

so here we are going to explore a Linux

operating system by using some of your

commands so let us start with exploring

the Linux operating system by Linux file

system management and the fur management

so let us start with how we are going to

manage the files so before that we

should know what the type of file

generally we have into the Linux

operating system so basically it is

divided into three different parts call

as the ordinary files then your special

files as well as your directories the

ordinary files are those files like

whatever the data you store whatever the

programs you generally have or any

particular files used and released or

everything will be treated as a

particular ordinal freyal

the next we have that is called as a

special file now as I discuss into the

earlier slide so all the devices we

generally have into the Linux operating

system either it is a directly attached

device or it is a hot plug-and-play

device

all this will be treated as a file into

the Linux operating system and gets

stored into /dev directory so this

particular Linux operating system even

create everything as a firm even your

hardware's like your hard disk your hard

disk partitions your floppy to stripe

City Drive and any of it so this

particular files are called as a special

files and then we have a different

division called as directories so

directory contains all this files either

it has a special file or ordinary file

you can store anything into it so by

default the directories which we have by

the Linux they really store all the

different kind of file into different

directories along with that you can also

create your own directory and you can

store or locate whatever you want over

there so here we are going to start with

some of the commands so very first I am

going to take your command Skoda's PWD

as we move into the Linux operating

system we move into the terminal first

we should know where we are right now so

if I want to check my present working

location or present location we can use

the command called as PWD called as

present working directory so wherever

you are it will show you the complete

path of a directory by using the

PWD command same way if I want to check

apart from my location which are the

directories and files are located into

this particular directory for that we

can use LS command and this is nothing

but lists so we can list all the

directories all the files into that

directory where you are located right

now so it will generally show only the

list all the names of the directories

and the first where the directories are

by default and blue color if you are

using the terminals and generally the

black color if you are you are white

color if you are using a file so the

files are listed in white or black and

generally your your directories are

listed into deep blue color same thing

if I'm talking about your Linux command

called as LS space hyphen L LS space

hyphen L is nothing but Lisp and long so

lists in long means you want to list

everything about the files and

directories which you have you want to

check what are the particular files are

when it is created which type of file it

is what is the permission who has

created the file so each and every

detail about the files and directories

will be listed by using LS space hyphen

L we can check the demo for M if I'm

using a low space - L you can find first

existing UD promotion so how to check

out this formation how to view about

this particle permission will come to no

lecture but typically it contains the

permissions about the user who has

created a directory as well as the

groups and the public users the next

group which we have that is called as a

memory block so memory block is nothing

but it generally stores your data into

the memory and it provides a memory

block number to you the next we have

that is the owner column this will show

who has created this particular

directory or who owns this particular

directory or a file the next we have

that is called as a group to column this

group column will show you which group

this particular root owner or any

particular owner of the directory or

file as falling so the number of users

who are added into this particular group

will get the permission which we have

assigned for the group the next we have

that is size in block

it will show you the data into the bytes

not in megabytes or gigabytes so you

need to see what the bytes and you need

to calculate into megabyte and your ego

bytes next we have it will show you the

column where it will show you at what

time and at what date you have created

this particular file means it will show

you the date and time of creation of the

file along with that it also shows you

when the fall is been modified or when

the directory is been modified the last

one we have that is files or directory

name so you can find this white color of

file generally it is a basic ordinary

file which we have the green color is

some of your log first so it is kind of

a special file the next blue color is

your directories so basically we will

find this columns in to your Linux come

on on Linux particular terminal by

giving command LS space hyphen L let us

check into the Linux console now so

right now I am on Red Hat Linux

operating system of the latest version

version 7 now I want to move into the

terminal so either if you can move into

the terminal by pressing alt ctrl F 1 or

F 2 that do you have the console or we

can see a command line terminal

generally you get or directly you can

work from here itself now if suppose I

want to work from here itself with the

terminals and with the commands I can go

directly into right-click and go into

the terminal

so still stammen L will take me on the

desktop as I have right clicked on the

desktop so you can see this is the

prompt under this prompt we get first as

Craner

so this trainer is nothing but the user

with from which I have locked in so this

is the trainer then you have at the rage

at the rate with the machine name this

is my machine name so I haven't set any

machine name so by default it have taken

localhost the next is your desktop so

desktop is a directory where I am

working right now and this is the

dollar's mine so when you get access to

a particular standard user with Ora we

can say a limited right user you get a

dollar sign now if I want to check the

complete path of my desktop

so I can give the command PWD so PWD is

showing you I am Andrew slash home slash

trainer on the trainer's deck stop this

is the PWD come on now if I want to

create a directory or I can create a

file on the desktop itself by using the

terminal or by graphics so from graphics

you can directly go here and create a

new folder over here you can keep create

a file over here

but if suppose I want to create it by

using the command prompt I too can

before we create a file or directly let

us check how we can check the existing

files and directories now if I want to

check existing files and directories

into the trainer or into the desktop we

can directly you come on LS so there is

nothing right now I just want to move

out of the desktops and move into the

Craner

so I'll give the command CD space double

backslash so it will move one step out

so now we are into the till symbol so it

is not showing you where you are because

you are by default into the home

directory so let us check I'm into my

home directory slash home slash train oh

now I want to check what are the

directories and files are created into

the home directory I can give the

command LS so let's is showing me all

the list of my directories which I have

created over here same way we can also

give the command LS space hyphen L and

you can see LS space hyphen L contains

all the directories along with the six

columns which we have seen your

permission the memory location the user

or we can say owner and a group of your

directory when we have created a

directory and what is the name of your

directory so this complete detail it

shows you about the you know files and

directories which you have over here so

this is how generally we use Alice

commands so there are again lot of

parameters of using LS pay LS commands

you can either or use ll also L is again

the same thing

resting so again it will give me the

same output we can also use a less space

- I

so I indicates an inode numbers so this

is showing the inode numbers of each and

every directory which I have created

same way Ellis space we can use a so it

will show me all the hidden files you

can see dots which have written on thee

or following the file name just we have

added a dot that means this files are

hidden first so even if you want to

create a particular hidden file just

need to add dot in front of a file name

the file will be completely hidden so

this way you can check for directories

and files list by using LS come on so

into our next video we will be label to

see how we can create your files into

this directories and how we can work on

it