Michio Kaku: Why we don’t even rank on the Kardashev scale

What computers need is data

Data by which we can draw conclusions. And when we talk about intelligence in outer space

we have to be open to the idea that their intelligence may be quite different

Quite different from our intelligence. And therefore the question is, how do we tell

How do we tell where real intelligence is, given the fact that it could be more than one type of intelligence

Are we alone in the universe? For the Science Channel, they once put me in a swimming pool with dolphins

Sensors picked up the squeals and chirps from the dolphins as I was swimming next to the dolphins

and then they ran it through a computer. The computer looked for regularities in the chirps and squeals of dolphins

realizing that they speak a totally different language than humans, And their criteria for intelligence would be different from our criteria of intelligence

So, for example, the letter E is the most common letter in the English alphabet

And you can rank the frequency with which certain letters are used to pinpoint who wrote the article

For example, who wrote Shakespeare? Many people have claimed that other writers wrote Shakespearean plays, not Shakespeare himself

But you can run the set of information of Shakespeare's plays through a computer

And sure enough, the signature can be shown to be that of Shakespeare

The frequency of the letter E, the frequency of the letter I, and so on and so forth

allows you to pinpoint who wrote that article. So when you run the videotapes and the audiotapes of the dolphins through a computer

you find, bingo, yes, they are intelligent. Yes, there's a pattern, a regularity to their chirps

and so on and so forth. And then you go down the evolutionary scale

You go down to dogs, cats, rabbits, mice, insects. By the time you reach insects, it's pretty much nonsense

They have a communication system, but very little intelligence other than to alert themselves for food, danger, and stuff like that

And so it is possible to rank intelligence using computers that look for an algorithm

that allows you to see where intelligence lies. We do that in outer space now We physicists have often wondered are there signs of intelligent life in the galaxy And if so how advanced might they be So we categorize these alien civilizations on the

basis of energy, energy consumption. Type one would be planetary. They control the weather

They control earthquakes, volcanoes, anything planetary they control because they have the

energy, the energy of a planet. Then there's Type II. A Type II civilization has exhausted the power

of their planet, and they use the sun. They basically take the energy from their sun to power

their machines, sort of like the Federation of Planets in Star Trek. Star Trek would be a Type II

civilization. Then there's type 3, galactic. They roam the galactic space lanes. They play with black

holes, sort of like the empire of Empire Strikes Back. That would be a type 3 civilization

And then the question is, what are we? We are type 0. We get our energy from dead plants

oil, and coal. We don't even rate on this scale. We have not attained planetary energy at all

That would be type 1. We're stuck at type 0. But what would it take to move between universes

What would it take to enter a black hole? What would it take to break the light barrier

You would have to reach the energy of type 3. And the energy of type 3 is called the Planck energy

The Planck energy is the energy of the Big Bang. It's the energy of a black hole

It's the energy, the greatest energy in the universe. And that is the Planck energy

How long before we can attain the Planck energy and move between universes

Well, a modest calculation shows that you would have to be about maybe 100,000 years

more advanced than us in order to go between universes, to harness the Planck energy to leave our universe

So chances are, if one day we meet an intelligent civilization, they would be maybe 100,000 years more advanced than us

Then the next question is, how would we know of a Type 3 or Type 2 civilization

if we were to bump into one? Let's say that scanning the heavens

we see evidence of a type 2, type 3 civilization. How would we know

Well, we've looked. We've looked for type 2 because type 2 civilizations give off an energy

a characteristic black body radiation that we can measure. So far we find none Now that doesn mean that there aren these civilizations out there It just means that our devices are so primitive that we have not yet been able to conclusively

show that they exist. But if they can break the light barrier, if they can go faster than

the speed of light, then it's possible they may have the energy of a wormhole. And at

that point, they would be type 3. They would have the energy, the Planck energy, to create

universes or to move between universes. Historically, when physicists were asked about flying saucers

and UAPs and extraterrestrial civilizations, the bottom line is data. You have to have data

You just can't say that, gee, I saw something going across the sky last night. Maybe you did

Maybe you didn't. But now we finally have data. The United States Navy has admitted that, yes, there are hours of videotapes

Videotapes that can be yzed to calculate the characteristics of these things

We now realize that these objects, whatever they are, can travel up to Mach 20

Twenty times the speed of sound. And they can accelerate from Mach 5 to Mach 20 very, very rapidly

and they can even fly underwater, believe it or not, underwater, in the air, into outer space

And they zigzag. When you calculate the centrifugal force inside the rocket ship

you realize that any living thing would be crushed, crushed by the zigzagging of these objects, whatever they are

We're talking about a new law of engineering beyond anything that we can muster here on the planet Earth

The ability to fly up to Mach 20, the ability to fly underwater

the ability to zigzag, these things require technology beyond anything we have

So we now have the data. Is it an optical illusion? Or is it extraterrestrial

We don't know until we yze the data. And now we have physicists looking frame by frame and perhaps coming up with a conclusion

as to where these objects come from. Well, about 90% of the sightings can be explained using natural phenomenon or weather balloons

or weather anomalies or meteorites. Most of them can be explained. 10% of them seem to defy the known laws of engineering

So we have to look at them very carefully And some of them have multiple sightings by multiple modes That the gold standard We met that gold standard on several occasions Back in the 1980s there was a JAL flight going across Alaska

And all of a sudden, they found two objects flying next to it

These two objects were then tracked by radar, tracked visually. so there was multiple sightings using multiple modes

And then a third flying saucer came up next to it. So there were three objects now flying next to this JAL flight

Well, afterwards, when the flight landed, the pilots made the announcement that they saw a flying saucer

But then what happened? Very important. At that point, the pilots were given desk jobs

Basically, demoted. And that sent a chill throughout the industry. Because if you say that you saw something unusual in your airplane

you would be given a desk job. And you wouldn't fly again

So in other words, keep your mouth shut. As a consequence, no data, very little data, has been collected until recently

and that's what we physicists need. Data so that we can make objective statements

about what these things are. Now the burden of proof has shifted

The burden of proof is on the military now to prove that these things aren't extraterrestrial

and that's a sea change. Now we realize that we're sitting on hours of videotapes

We're sitting on a mountain of data. The data has to be yzed frame by frame to figure out what these objects are, what

their flight characteristics are, and who is behind them. So things have changed now

Now we have access to videotapes, and now the burden of proof is to prove that these

things aren't extraterrestrial. What happened was citizens' pressure put pressure on certain politicians

These politicians, in turn, put pressure on the military to declassify some of this information

So that's how it happened. There is the FOIA Act, the Freedom of Information Act, that allows citizens to gain access to

some classified information. But it's a long, torturous process. But some of it is now reaching the press

that yes, the military is owning up to the fact that it's sitting in a gold mine of data

that has to be yzed frame by frame. Want to support the channel

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