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STEM CELLS and their use in treating patients, with DR Leon Donoso of HLA San Carlos | BayRadio
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Oct 29, 2024
STEM CELLS can now be used to treat a number of conditions, including helping in tissue repair and circulatory problems. Dr. Leon Donoso of @hospitalsancarlosdedenia2538 has carried out over 40 procedures where the use of stem cells has prevented a patient from requiring amputation following circulation problems in the legs. He even managed to explain where stem cells come from and how they work so that Moody could understand it... Be sure to Like 👍 this and Subscribe to our channel if you found it useful. Website: http://www.bayradio.fm/​ Mobile App: https://app.appinstitute.com/yddcc​ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/BayRadioInSpain​ Twitter: https://twitter.com/bayradioinspain​ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/bayradiospain/
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this is Bay radio where we welcome a
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wide range of guests as far as
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interviews go and it's our job to inform
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as well as entertain and I think we're
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all about to learn something as we get
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to talking about stem cells with Dr Leon
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denoso from hospital San Carlos now this
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is HLA San Carlos ingenia correct that's
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correct yes welcome along thanks for uh
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thanks for your time because as I say
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this seems quite complicated and how
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would you begin explaining what stem
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cells are a lot of us will know the term
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maybe have some idea but how do you
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explain it what are they okay well stem
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cells are sales that they do know the ad
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have a specific role and become almost
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any cell that is required these cells
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are undifferentiated that can turn into
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specific cells as their body needs them
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can also show promise for treating some
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diseases sometimes these these cells are
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called Master cells these cells are
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cells that develop into the blood brain
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bones and all body organs they have the
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potential to repay restore replace or
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regenerate cells and could possibly be
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using to treat some diseases at the
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moment that are not curable I guess in
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Spanish they are Australia's moderate
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that's correct so that means the kind of
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the the root of a stem cells would
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indicate
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um because cells develop and they break
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out into other cells but this is where
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it all starts
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okay so it can go on to be used for lots
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of various things in the body where are
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they located then where how do we go
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about um or how do you go about finding
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them well these cells are most commonly
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found in the blood right so to get them
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we have to harvest these stem cells
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removing blood from the body separating
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out of the stem cell and then returning
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the blood back to the body to boost the
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number of stem cells in the blood and we
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use some growth factors that stimulate
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the production of the the stem cells
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about four or five days before the
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treatment can be done
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that's one way and another way is
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removing them actually from the bone
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marrow especially in the bones mainly
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the hip this is where they divide to
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make news blood cells and one blood
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cells are mature they leave the bone
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marrow and enter in the bloodstream now
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I've heard of stem cell donation so is
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this something that people can donate to
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other people or are you taking them from
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the patient and reusing them I mean and
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the way we do it is we take the blood
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from the own patient but as far as I
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understand it can also be donated but
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this is a more complicated process
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because there are lots of law involved
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in the donation but as far as we know
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and what we do is we all we use the the
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patient's own cells now in some of the
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cases you've given us and you've talked
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about that you've actually carried out
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at the hospital there lots of use in
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circulatory problems yeah um
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particularly in the legs we're going to
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talk about so how can they be used then
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what are their main uses once you've got
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the stem cells to work with so yeah the
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way the the the stem cells work in the
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circulation is as follows basically in
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if you have pain when you walk right
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this is the main indication that that
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you have a lack of circulation in your
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leg right so when you walk and you don't
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have enough blood because the artery has
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been blocked partially or completely
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right the muscles complain
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uncomplained with pain therefore the
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patient has to stop every 50 yards 100
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yards or whatever distance is called
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basically the window to just to wait
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until the pain disappears so when you
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have this sort of patient then there are
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several possibilities to treat the pain
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to alleviate the pain one is surgical
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procedures basically a bypass operation
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an extent operation of the best medical
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treatment once you have done all this
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treatment and you cannot improve the
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pain of the patient then they pay
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unfortunately the place the patient can
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go for a major amputation so this is the
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group of patients that we are working
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with the stem cells to avoid basically
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big amputation that is uh is a
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mutilating surgery life changing of
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course I mean you have to know that if
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you have an amputation the patient can
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go for the other leg amputated in two
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years and then five years all are dead
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therefore to avoid an amputation is
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absolutely important yeah what other
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types of treatments would it be used for
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I mean this is we're talking tissue
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repairs yeah yeah we have we have about
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tissue repair tissue regeneration is
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probably the most important use of stem
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cells
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um for example now we have a we used
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some stem cells to renew the kidney
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right uh or at the moment of course the
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the patient with their renal failure is
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waiting for a transplant but in the
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future I know too far away we will be
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able to implant stem cells kidney stem
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cells to renew or they will promote new
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regeneration of tissue or the kidney
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tissue and the cardiovascular field also
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we have been working as I said in the
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stem cells with ischemic legs but in the
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cardiac point of view there are some
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studies now that they have improved the
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ejection fraction by injecting stem
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cells in the myocardial muscle
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regenerating a cardiac cells improving a
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lot the the distance of walking there
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are also that the other techniques for
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example in brain disease treatment to to
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treat Parkinson and Alzheimer's and more
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frequently they are treating now
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arthrosis of uh near atrocities or any
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sort of atrocious replacing the the
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chondrocytes with the stem cells it's
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interesting you talk about like the
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kidney because do we see this elsewhere
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not to uh go for too much of a tangent
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where they're producing like fake meat
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from stem cells that's it's a similar
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sort of process isn't it well I mean
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it's some related basically yeah yeah
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because it's the foundation of what the
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thing is growing from the stem cells are
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basically the beginning of everything
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yeah so if you can pick up them either
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from the from the bone marrow of the
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blood or any other Souls even the fat
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tissue then you can have the opportunity
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to promote and develop a lot more cells
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to to treat different disease disease I
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mean it's an awkward question probably
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but how long does it take to to work to
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come into effect does it take a long
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time for these cells to develop that's a
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very good question actually and I don't
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know the answer okay I'll tell you we're
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talking a long time because when we have
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a patient with uh in what we call pain
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when we walk uh let's say 50 yards
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perhaps less than that then the body the
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body itself
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um start producing more stem cells to go
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to the place to to replace the arteries
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that have been blocked and that is
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produced because of the muscle pain
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right send some signals to the to the
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bone marrow to produce these stem cells
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but how long does it take from the bone
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marrow to go to the specific area I we
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don't know what we know basically is
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that now we take the blood from the from
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sorry the bone marrow from the hip we
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process in the same operating theater
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right and we inject as I will explain in
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a minute exactly in the place where it's
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needed right okay so it goes directly
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there yeah so I I always try to explain
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like a simple example uh we live in
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Valencia with a lot of oranges so what
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we do we go to the orange field right we
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pick up the oranges and we deliver a new
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house sure right okay so by doing that
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we avoid the middleman basically the
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middleman and this in our case is the
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supermarket and the Cooperative that
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keeps the blood so that it takes a long
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time but so avoid the middleman and we
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try to put exactly in the plane straight
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to the location exactly okay but as you
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say the body knows it's a bit like so
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see when you train muscles they actually
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do destroy the muscle but they regrow
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stronger and the body knows to to send
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it to that to that place that's um
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that's been affected I guess these cells
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are rebuilding right exactly and
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stronger that's the idea anyway
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um now how how new is this to uh San
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Carlos and then yeah I mean we have been
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doing this treatment no no I mean just
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for a few years by now
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um but not necessarily no exactly in San
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Carlos Clinic because I used to work in
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a hospital de la Rivera in Althea in
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Valencia right and we started this
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treatment in Valencia about four years
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ago and so far we have done
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approximately 45 patients right in this
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treatment and some of them we done here
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in San Carlos Clinic you have to
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understand that these patients were
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patients that were unavoidable to have
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an amputation a major amputation and the
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only way to relieve the pain they have
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the patient is having is amputating so
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we we decide to continue and to go with
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this treatment and so far for the 44
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patients that we've done about 80
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percent keep the leg they still have the
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leg of course they are not running a
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marathon yeah but at least they have
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come out of the rest pain that is
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unbearable and then they are managed to
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go 200 yards and when you manage to hold
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to work one one or two hundred yards the
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body itself write the exercise that you
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do promote more growing of the new
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vessels yes
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enormously yes and then you should in
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theory you should be able to do more
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next time
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only about four four
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percent of the patients that we couldn't
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heal and unfortunately underwent a major
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amputation but these patients were
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patients not only with wrist pain but
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also with gangrene right so severe
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lesions and delay in the leg that is
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basically very very difficult to heal
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but it was worth a try definitely
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presumably it's not a painful procedure
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for the the patient it doesn't well I
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mean
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um yes we use epidural anesthesia right
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they of course the anesthesis is in
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charge of that and the the puncture in
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the hip bone definitely has to be
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painful if we don't do some sort of
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anesthesia and the mythology is usually
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only upon local anesthesia and they do
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the pencha to remove the the bone marrow
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but as we are going to do 40 injections
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in the leg right then we ask anesthesis
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to yes to to slip the patient or put the
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patient under epidural anesthesia
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therefore it's not painful for the
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patient because it's an InstaSize so we
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we remove uh 200 mL of bone marrow we
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process in a devices called harvest in
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the in the same operating theater and
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from the 200 mL that we process we
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discharge the a plasma the platelets the
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erythrocytes the excess of fluid and we
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end up only with 40 mL of what we call a
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stem cells and then we inject one
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centimeter at a time and one ml at a
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time along the leg right okay I mean how
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long does that take to to separate out
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the stem cells from for example just 20
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minutes
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machine that is separated in 20 minutes
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wow so it's basically that is the
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advantage of doing in the same operated
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theater otherwise if you have to take
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the blood outside of the theater the
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operating theater then it's a different
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process there are more more problem
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problems involved and then you have to
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have a specific permission to do that I
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mean you've we've talked about mostly
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you treating patients with circulatory
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problems in you know in the legs this is
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the future isn't it this is the way it's
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going to treat lots of other things that
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we've already talked about I guess I
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think it's if the future not only for
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these
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problems but for many others now for
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example they are treating patients with
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retinitis Pigmentosa when you know that
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this is a blind disease that produce
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blindness so they are now injecting stem
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cells to replace the cones in the eye to
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help the people to start seeing again so
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yeah there is the future you have to
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remember that we are coming from cells
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of course so why not treat the diseases
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with cells yeah I am a surgeon yes or
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quite yes and you've explained it to me
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so well as you say it's the way it's
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going and fascinating fascinating to
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talk about nicely explained by yourself
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thanks ever so much it's Dr Leon denoso
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from the HLA San Carlos in Denio sanco
#Heart & Hypertension