Machine Learning - The Nature of Probability and Statistics - Observational and Experimental Studies

In this video we are going to discuss observational and experimental studies

In an observational study, the researcher merely observes what is happening and what has happened

in the past and tries to draw conclusion based on those observations

So in case of observational study, the researcher will be concerning with the past observations

and the present observations and from there they will draw the conclusion

In an experimental study, the researcher manipulative one of the variables and tries to determine how the manipulation influences on the other variables

So let us suppose in a certain college it has been decided that the college study

hour will be extended. So this is one variable which has been changed

Now we shall have to check whether how for this particular change in the variable is causing

one effect in the student marks obtained going to get obtained in the coming exams

respective attendances, their performances, and so on. The independent variable is in an experimental study is one that is being manipulated

by the observed by the researcher. The independent variable is also called the explanatory variable So independent variable which will be changed by the researcher will be known as the explanatory variable The resultant variable

is called the dependent variable or the outcome variable. So, here in case of explanatory

variable, we can consider the study of our part day, and here in case of outcome variable

the respective student marks, grades, the respective performances, attendances, so that is

our outcome variable in this particular problem. The group that received the special instructions is called the treatment group and the other

is called the control group. Let us suppose there are a set of students are there

We are going to give a certain health drink for a certain set of students and the rest

of the students they are not going to get the health drink. So in that case what will happen, those students will be going to get the health drink

or some special instructions will be known as the treatment. group and those students who are not going to get that health drink or some set of

instructions will be known as the control group the treatment group receives a specific

treatment in this case say instructions for improvement if I can consider while the

control group does not have the treatment so in this way we have discussed what is

our observational and experimental studies thanks for watching this video