0:00
imagine a river of cash flowing
0:03
invisibly right under the streets of New
0:05
York City A flood of money so huge it
0:10
completely changed what wealth and power
0:13
meant for the American mafia This wasn't
0:16
cash from drug deals or sketchy
0:18
shakedowns This was money being quietly
0:21
siphoned from one of the most normal
0:23
everyday things you can do filling up
0:26
your car with gas For every single
0:29
gallon pumped a few cents were skimmed
0:32
off the top creating a secret untaxed
0:36
pipeline that poured right into the
0:38
pockets of one man At its peak this
0:42
whole operation was raking in somewhere
0:46
between 5 and $8 million a week It was a
0:51
scheme so brilliant in its simplicity
0:53
but so complex to actually pull off that
0:57
it turned a young ambitious captain in
1:00
the Columbbo crime family into one of
1:03
the highest earning mobsters since Al
1:05
Capone His name was Michael Franzi and
1:09
he wasn't your typical mobster He was a
1:12
prodigy of organized crime a guy who
1:15
preferred a calculator over a baseball
1:18
bat This is the story of the billiondoll
1:22
scam that crowned a new kind of mob king
1:25
and how the same genius that got him to
1:27
the top also painted a giant target on
1:30
his back catching the full attention of
1:33
the federal government Section one the
1:36
prince of the Columbbo family So who was
1:40
the architect of this incredible scam to
1:43
really get it you have to understand
1:45
where he came from Michael Franeszy
1:49
wasn't just some street tough who clawed
1:52
his way into the mob He was basically
1:55
born into its royalty His father was
1:58
John Sunny Franesi the notorious and
2:02
feared underboss of the Columbbo crime
2:04
family one of the infamous five families
2:07
that ran New York's underworld
2:10
Sunny was a legend an old school guy who
2:14
lived and breathed the brutal code of
2:17
Lacosa Nostra Growing up in the shadow
2:20
of a man like that Michael saw the life
2:23
up close The power the respect the
2:27
constant tension But at first he wanted
2:30
nothing to do with it He was on a
2:33
totally different path One of healing
2:36
people not hurting them He was a bright
2:39
student at Hofster University enrolled
2:42
in a premed program with his sights set
2:45
on becoming a doctor He was on a track
2:49
that would have taken him a world away
2:51
from the secret meetings and criminal
2:54
plots that defined his father's life But
2:57
life has a way of throwing a wrench in
3:00
the works In 1967 his father Sunny was
3:05
slapped with a 50-year prison sentence
3:08
for bank robbery A conviction Michael
3:11
insists to this day was a setup With his
3:14
dad facing what was basically a death
3:16
sentence behind bars the world shifted
3:19
for the young premed student His
3:22
responsibility to his family suddenly
3:24
came first The legit world just didn't
3:28
seem like an option anymore The only
3:31
world that could provide the kind of
3:32
cash and influence he needed to help his
3:35
father was the one he'd been trying to
3:38
escape So he dropped out of college The
3:42
decision was made He would follow his
3:45
father into the life And it didn't take
3:49
him long to make a name for himself He
3:52
got to know his father's powerful
3:54
friends Guys like the family's own
3:57
namesake Joseph Columbbo Then on
4:00
Halloween night in 1975 at just 24 years
4:04
old Michael Franesi officially became a
4:09
made man taking that sacred oath of
4:12
silence and loyalty to the Columbbo
4:15
crime family But Franiz was different He
4:19
wasn't like the button-down soldiers of
4:22
his father's generation He had a sharp
4:25
business mind and a strategic way of
4:28
thinking that really set him apart He
4:31
didn't see the mob as just a crew of
4:33
thugs He saw it as a potential
4:36
enterprise and his bosses saw it too By
4:39
his mid20s a ridiculously young age for
4:43
this kind of responsibility
4:45
he was made a kappa regime or captain in
4:49
charge of a crew of over 300 soldiers He
4:53
was a fast riser respected because he
4:56
could earn not just because he could
4:58
intimidate While other guys used
5:01
violence as their first move Franeszi
5:04
saw it as a last resort It was simply
5:08
bad for business He was a new breed of
5:11
mobster the yepy dawn as the papers
5:13
would later call him and he was about to
5:16
apply his corporate mindset to a scheme
5:20
that would flood his family with an
5:22
insane amount of money Section two the
5:26
birth of an idea The late '7s and early
5:29
80s were a kind of golden era for the
5:32
mob in New York but the cops were
5:35
getting smarter and the old school
5:37
rackets were getting riskier The five
5:40
families were always looking for new
5:43
more clever ways to make money Ventures
5:45
that could live in that gray area
5:47
between a legitimate business and an
5:50
outright crime The gasoline industry
5:53
turned out to be the perfect opportunity
5:56
It was a huge cash-heavy business
5:59
totally essential to daily life And most
6:02
importantly it was built on a
6:04
complicated tax system that was just
6:07
begging to be exploited Now France
6:10
didn't invent the gas tax scam but he
6:13
saw its potential and perfected it on a
6:16
massive scale The basic idea had been
6:18
floating around criminal circles for a
6:20
while usually run in smaller sloppier
6:23
ways by different groups including the
6:26
Russian mob In fact it was an associate
6:29
named Lawrence Ayurizo who first brought
6:31
a version of the scheme to France
6:34
Izzo was running a little gas tax fraud
6:37
but was getting squeezed by a rival
6:40
crime family He needed protection and he
6:43
offered Franzi a piece of the action in
6:46
return Franizi dealt with the rival
6:50
family and in the process got a front
6:53
row seat to the mechanics of the fraud
6:56
What he saw was a system with a huge
7:01
fatal flaw You see back then federal and
7:05
state gas taxes weren't collected from
7:08
you at the pump The law said the tax had
7:12
to be paid at the wholesale level The
7:15
wholesaler who sold the gas to the gas
7:18
station was responsible for collecting
7:20
the tax around 30 to 40 cents a gallon
7:24
and then sending it to the government
7:27
This created a gap a time delay a window
7:32
of opportunity between when the tax
7:34
money was collected and when it was
7:37
actually due Fran's realized that if a
7:40
company could collect all that tax money
7:43
and then just vanish before the
7:46
government came looking for it the money
7:49
would be pure profit It was a simple
7:51
idea but to make it work on a grand
7:54
scale to turn it into a sustainable
7:57
billiondoll enterprise
8:00
that would take a level of organization
8:03
that only the mob could provide He saw
8:06
how to turn a smalltime hustle into a
8:10
finely tuned money-making machine The
8:13
idea was born Now it was time to build
8:17
the engine Section three the billiondoll
8:20
machine The scheme Michael Franeszi and
8:23
his crew put together was a masterpiece
8:26
of corporate fraud It was known as a
8:29
daisy chain and it was designed to be as
8:33
confusing as possible creating a paper
8:36
trail so twisted that by the time
8:39
regulators figured out who owed the tax
8:41
the company responsible was already a
8:44
ghost Here's how the machine worked step
8:48
by meticulous step First the setup
8:52
Franiz's organization created a whole
8:56
network of dozens of gasoline related
8:59
companies A lot of these were just shell
9:03
corporations They existed only on paper
9:06
with no real officers or employees
9:10
To make them even tougher to trace some
9:12
were set up as Panameanian bearer share
9:15
companies which is a fancy way of saying
9:18
they were totally anonymous Ownership is
9:21
just based on whoever physically has the
9:24
stock certificate This created a maze of
9:27
connected companies that would become
9:29
the links in their daisy chain The
9:32
second step was the collection Within
9:35
this network one company would be chosen
9:38
as the collection point We'll call it
9:41
company A Company A would act like a
9:44
legit wholesaler selling millions of
9:47
gallons of gas to stations that fr
9:50
either owned or was partnered with The
9:53
price of that gas included all the state
9:56
and federal taxes So for every gallon
10:00
sold company A collected the full amount
10:04
including that 30 or 40 cents in tax
10:07
owed to the government And this is where
10:10
the real criminal genius kicks in The
10:13
third step make the money disappear
10:16
Company A now sitting on millions in tax
10:19
revenue had zero intention of ever
10:22
paying the government Instead of putting
10:25
that money aside for tax day the cash
10:28
was immediately pulled out and laundered
10:30
through other businesses like France's
10:33
own film production company or wired to
10:36
offshore bank accounts in places like
10:38
Panama and Austria The fourth and final
10:41
step was the vanishing act The company
10:45
that collected the tax company A was
10:48
known as the burn company It was
10:51
designed to fail from the start It would
10:54
operate for a few months just long
10:56
enough to collect a fortune in taxes but
10:59
not so long that the authorities would
11:01
get suspicious and start an audit When
11:05
the government finally sent a bill for
11:07
the millions owed they'd find an empty
11:09
office and a bankrupt company The listed
11:13
owners were untraceable frontmen The
11:16
money was long gone and Franiz's crew
11:20
would just move on to the next burn
11:22
company in their network and start the
11:25
whole process over again To make it even
11:28
more bulletproof they used the daisy
11:31
chain of paper transactions
11:33
Before the gas even got to the burn
11:36
company it would be sold on paper
11:38
between several other shell companies in
11:40
the network Company B sells to C C sells
11:46
to D and so on None of these companies
11:49
ever actually touched the fuel They just
11:51
passed fake invoices around This created
11:55
a thick fog of paperwork that made it
11:58
nearly impossible for an investigator to
12:00
figure out which company was actually
12:03
supposed to pay the tax The scale of
12:06
this thing was just breathtaking
12:09
At its peak Franiza's network controlled
12:12
or supplied over 350 gas stations in and
12:16
around New York City The scheme was so
12:19
effective that it was estimated to be
12:21
supplying between a third and a half of
12:24
all the gasoline sold in the entire
12:27
region That river of cash became a tidal
12:31
wave Franizes himself has said the
12:35
operation grossed between 5 and $8
12:37
million a week in stolen tax money This
12:41
unbelievable wealth shot him into the
12:44
highest ranks of the mob In 1986 when he
12:48
was just 35 Fortune magazine ranked him
12:52
number 18 on its list of the 50 most
12:55
wealthy and powerful mafia bosses Vanity
12:59
Fair called him one of the biggest money
13:02
earners for the mob since Al Capone The
13:05
gas tax scam wasn't just a racket It was
13:08
a shadow industry that made Michael
13:11
Franesi the undisputed king Section 4
13:15
the king's reign and rising heat With a
13:18
weekly income that most small countries
13:21
would envy Michael Franes's power
13:24
exploded The money from the gas scam
13:27
fueled a much bigger engine of influence
13:30
that reached deep into New York City's
13:32
economy and way beyond He wasn't just a
13:35
captain anymore He was a powerhouse His
13:39
wealth gave him leverage both inside and
13:42
outside the criminal underworld His
13:46
lifestyle definitely matched his new
13:48
status He owned a mansion on Long Island
13:51
a place in Florida and another in
13:55
He flew around in a private helicopter
13:58
but the money wasn't just for luxuries
14:01
It was a tool to get bigger He plowed
14:04
the dirty profits into a portfolio of
14:07
businesses both legit and not so legit
14:11
He had car dealerships leasing companies
14:14
and even that film production company
14:17
Miami Gold This blurring of the lines
14:20
between the legal and illegal worlds was
14:23
his signature move A lot of his power
14:26
came from the mob's old playbook unions
14:30
Franiza and the Columbbo family had huge
14:33
control over different labor unions
14:35
which they used to extort businesses and
14:38
steer juicy contracts to companies they
14:40
were partnered with They could stop a
14:43
multi-million dollar construction
14:44
project with one phone call threatening
14:47
strikes unless they got a kickback or
14:50
their guys got the job This power over
14:53
labor combined with the endless cash
14:55
from the gas scam let franes move in and
14:58
dominate industries like construction
15:01
and trucking Inside the mob his success
15:05
made him a major player As a top earner
15:09
he was kicking up a huge share of his
15:12
profits to the Columbbo family bosses
15:15
which bought him a lot of respect and
15:18
freedom to operate He had alliances with
15:21
powerful guys in other families like the
15:24
infamous John Goty of the Gambino family
15:28
And he navigated the treacherous world
15:30
of mob politics with the same skill he
15:33
used in his business deals But an
15:36
operation that's stealing hundreds of
15:39
millions of dollars from the government
15:41
can't stay a secret forever The sheer
15:44
amount of missing tax money started
15:46
setting off alarm bells at the highest
15:49
levels of law enforcement
15:52
Investigators in New York noticed a
15:54
massive unexplainable hole in their
15:57
gasoline tax collections and it was
16:00
getting bigger every year The scam was
16:03
just too big to hide The name Michael
16:06
Franesi started popping up on the radar
16:09
of ambitious federal prosecutors One of
16:12
them was a very driven US attorney for
16:16
the southern district of New York Rudy
16:19
Giuliani Giuliani and his team was
16:22
starting to use the powerful RICO Act
16:25
the racketeer influenced and corrupt
16:28
organizations act to take down organized
16:31
crime from the top down They didn't just
16:35
want to bust guys for individual crimes
16:38
They wanted to take down the entire
16:40
criminal enterprise The gas tax scam
16:44
wasn't just tax evasion It was a
16:47
textbook racketeering conspiracy And
16:50
Michael Franza the yepy dawn was its CEO
16:54
The heat was on The king sitting on his
16:57
billion-dollar throne was now a top
17:00
target for the most powerful law
17:02
enforcement agency in the world This
17:05
whole empire was built on a simple
17:08
brilliant scam But as we all know
17:11
empires have a tendency to fall If
17:15
you're finding this look into the
17:16
criminal underworld fascinating make
17:19
sure you hit that subscribe button and
17:21
turn on notifications so you don't miss
17:24
what happens next Section five the
17:27
downfall The federal investigation into
17:30
the gas tax fraud was a slow painful
17:33
grind because the whole point of the
17:36
daisy chain was to hide the money
17:38
Prosecutors couldn't just follow a paper
17:40
trail So they went back to the classic
17:43
mob busting strategy They went after the
17:47
people The FBI started putting the
17:50
squeeze on individuals involved in the
17:52
scheme flipping witnesses and building
17:55
their case one person at a time The
17:59
pressure was building Associates were
18:01
getting arrested And when faced with
18:04
long prison sentences they started to
18:06
talk The real knockout blow came when
18:10
Franiz's own partner Lawrence Ayoritzo
18:13
the guy who brought him the idea in the
18:15
first place started cooperating with the
18:18
government and agreed to testify against
18:21
him In December 1985
18:24
Franes was hit with a massive 14count
18:27
indictment for racketeering
18:30
counterfeiting and extortion
18:33
A second indictment focused just on the
18:36
gas scheme He was facing multiple trials
18:40
and the very real chance he'd spend the
18:43
rest of his life in prison Rudy
18:46
Giuliani's office made it known they
18:48
were pushing for a 100-year sentence For
18:51
Franiz this was a moment of truth He had
18:55
seen what the life did to his father He
18:58
had also recently met and married a
19:01
woman named Camille Garcia a dancer he
19:04
met on the set of one of his movies And
19:07
for the first time he could actually
19:09
picture a future outside the mob He knew
19:13
he was a big target and it was only a
19:15
matter of time before a conviction would
19:18
stick Facing a mountain of evidence and
19:21
the thought of dying in a prison cell he
19:24
did something that was almost
19:26
unthinkable for a highranking mafioso
19:33
Michael Franesi pleaded guilty to one
19:35
count of raketeering conspiracy and one
19:38
count of tax conspiracy He agreed to a
19:42
10-year prison sentence and was ordered
19:44
to pay back over $14.7 million to the
19:48
government As part of the deal he had to
19:52
give up his mansion his film company and
19:54
all the profits from his criminal life
19:57
The king had been checkmated The
19:59
billiondoll machine was shut down for
20:02
good Section six the aftermath and a
20:05
different life Prison was the start of a
20:09
massive change for Michael Franesi He
20:12
did his time including a brutal stretch
20:15
of almost 3 years in solitary
20:20
It was during that isolation that he
20:22
found religion and embraced Christianity
20:26
a change his wife had a lot to do with
20:29
along with a Bible a prison guard gave
20:31
him When he was released in 1994 he did
20:35
something even more shocking than
20:37
pleading guilty He publicly quit the mob
20:42
This was a complete violation of the
20:44
mafia's blood oath which is supposed to
20:47
bind you for life It was a move that
20:50
should have gotten him killed There were
20:53
contracts out on his life One was
20:56
reportedly even approved by his own
20:58
father But somehow France survived
21:03
becoming the only high-ranking official
21:05
of a major crime family to ever publicly
21:09
walk away without going into witness
21:11
protection and live to talk about it He
21:14
moved his family out to California
21:17
cutting all his ties with the world he
21:20
once ruled The golden era of the gas tax
21:24
scam was over and its collapse left a
21:27
huge hole in the Columbbo family's
21:30
finances For Franesi a totally new life
21:34
began The former prince of the mafia
21:37
became a motivational speaker an author
21:40
and a public commentator
21:42
Using his story as a warning about the
21:46
destructive nature of the mob he now
21:49
talks to audiences all over about his
21:52
past his transformation and the business
21:55
lessons both good and bad that he
21:58
learned during his unbelievable rise and
22:00
fall Conclusion: The gasoline tax fraud
22:03
was a crime of shocking audacity It
22:06
wasn't some violent bank heist or a dark
22:09
alley shakedown It was a quiet white
22:12
collar conspiracy that targeted the
22:15
pennies on every dollar of a totally
22:17
mundane product Michael Franes and his
22:20
crew didn't need guns to steal a billion
22:23
dollars They used shell corporations
22:27
fake invoices and a deep understanding
22:30
of a broken tax system The scheme really
22:34
was a testament to his unique place in
22:36
the criminal world a leader who acted
22:39
more like a Fortune 500 CEO than a
22:42
traditional mob boss His story is a
22:46
complicated one a mix of ambition smarts
22:50
crime and in the end redemption So what
22:54
was he a criminal mastermind who got
22:57
what he deserved a product of his
23:00
environment who made an impossible
23:02
choice to save his family or a truly
23:05
reformed man who managed to turn his
23:07
life around The truth is probably
23:10
somewhere in the middle But what's
23:12
undeniable is the sheer brilliance of
23:15
the scam he perfected It's a powerful
23:18
reminder that sometimes the biggest and
23:20
most successful crimes aren't the ones
23:23
that make the most noise They're the
23:26
ones hidden in plain sight buried in the
23:30
complex machinery of modern life in the
23:33
invisible transactions that power our
23:36
world and in the price we pay for a