What happened at the Battle of Manassas ? #history

The Battle of Manassas, also known as the First Battle of Bull Run, was fought on July 21, 1861, near Manassas, Virginia. It was the first major land battle of the American Civil War and resulted in a Confederate victory. The battle was significant because it dispelled the notion that the war would be quick and easy and alerted both sides to the need for better preparation. The battle was fought between the Union Army of the Potomac, commanded by Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell, and the Confederate Army of the Potomac, commanded by Brig. Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard. Both armies were newly raised and inexperienced, but the Confederates had the advantage of fighting on their home turf and had the support of local civilians. The Union army's objective was to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia. McDowell believed that an early offensive would catch the Confederates off guard and result in an easy victory. He planned to attack the Confederate left flank and roll up their line, but Confederate scouts detected his movements and alerted Beauregard. The battle began at 6:30 a.m. on July 21, 1861, with a Union artillery barrage against the Confederate left flank. The Union army then advanced, but their uncoordinated movements and inexperienced officers slowed their progress. Confederate reinforcements under the command of Brig. Gen. Thomas J. Jackson arrived to shore up the Confederate line, earning him the nickname "Stonewall" for his steadfastness in battle. The Union army gained some initial success but was ultimately repulsed by the Confederate defenders. Confederate cavalry under the command of Brig. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart launched a surprise attack on the Union rear, causing panic and confusion among the Union troops. McDowell's army was soon in full retreat, and the Confederate army pursued them back to Washington, D.C. The Union army suffered 2,896 casualties, including 460 killed, 1,124 wounded, and 1,312 captured or missing. The Confederate army suffered 1,982 casualties, including 387 killed, 1,582 wounded, and 13 missing. The high casualty rate shocked both sides and alerted them to the need for better preparation and training. The Battle of Manassas had several significant impacts on the American Civil War. It dispelled the notion that the war would be quick and easy and alerted both sides to the need for better preparation. It also raised the morale of the Confederate army and civilians and lowered the morale of the Union army and civilians. The battle also led to the reorganization of the Union army and the appointment of new commanders. The Battle of Manassas, also known as the First Battle of Bull Run, was the first major land battle of the American Civil War. It was fought between the Union Army of the Potomac, commanded by Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell, and the Confederate Army of the Potomac, commanded by Brig. Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard. The battle was significant because it dispelled the notion that the war would be quick and easy and alerted both sides to the need for better preparation. The battle also led to the reorganization of the Union army and the appointment of new commanders.