0:00
in the late 19th century a wave of
0:02
immigration sent countless families from
0:05
Italy to distant shores among them stood
0:09
one clan whose name would eventually
0:12
shake the foundations of the American
0:14
underworld veto Genevvesi born in
0:17
November of 1897 near Naples emerged as
0:21
a pivotal figure in true crime and
0:24
organized crime circles across the
0:27
United States his journey which led him
0:30
from humble origins to the pinnacle of
0:32
notorious kingpins is a stark
0:34
illustration of how Italy's long
0:36
tradition of the mafia or kosanostra our
0:39
thing transplanted itself into the
0:41
American landscape while many immigrants
0:43
sought honest work in a land that
0:45
promised opportunity some like Genevves
0:48
capitalized on illicit ventures and
0:50
molded themselves into figures of
0:52
legendary yet dark renown genevvesy's
0:56
earliest days unfolded in humble rural
0:59
conditions his father Feliz often called
1:03
Philip in America labored on various
1:06
construction projects around Naples just
1:08
scraping by he and Veto's mother Nuniata
1:13
raised four children in total a daughter
1:16
whose name was lost in the records and
1:18
three sons including Michael Carmine and
1:22
of course Veto their meager resources
1:25
mirrored those of countless families who
1:28
looked across the ocean suspecting that
1:31
opportunity lurked in America but for
1:34
many of these southern Italian
1:36
immigrants such vast transitions came
1:39
loaded with mystery and sometimes with
1:43
distinctly dark history by 1913
1:47
15-year-old Veto followed millions bound
1:50
for the new world he set sail on the SS
1:54
Torina leaving behind his limited
1:58
possibilities like so many others shaped
2:01
by that era he arrived in a place that
2:04
tested the metal of any poor newcomer
2:07
opportunities in New York City were
2:08
elusive and in some pockets the
2:11
environment bristled with anti-Italian
2:14
sentiment xenophobia reigned in some
2:17
districts forcing many families into
2:20
cramped ghettos crime in certain cases
2:23
became the path taken by those who found
2:26
mainstream doors closed to them in
2:29
Veto's case police files would soon
2:32
reveal his propensity for stepping onto
2:34
the shady side of the law soon after his
2:37
American arrival Veto embraced an
2:40
illicit path at 19 he faced arrest in
2:44
Manhattan for unlawful firearm
2:47
possession despite being sentenced to a
2:49
short stint behind bars the country's
2:52
focus on the raging global conflict in
2:54
Europe World War I offered him an
2:58
unusual exit he was allowed to
3:00
substitute military service for time in
3:03
prison though he agreed history
3:06
indicates he never actually fought
3:08
overseas with the Great War closing
3:10
before he saw deployment his brush with
3:13
the army seemed to do little to dissuade
3:15
him from criminal pursuits rumors even
3:18
emerged linking him to a prostitution
3:21
ring on the Lower East Side though
3:24
nobody ever proved it nonetheless
3:27
whispers of such underworld secrets were
3:30
swirling around him from a young age of
3:34
course one pivotal factor in catapulting
3:37
Genevvesi and his colleagues to
3:40
prohibition the 18th amendment ratified
3:44
1919 banned alcohol's production and
3:47
sale across the nation opening the door
3:50
to a massive black market speak easys
3:54
illegal distilleries and bootlegging
3:58
infamous syndicates across the country
4:01
rushed to supply thirsty patrons and
4:04
crime families of Italian-American and
4:06
Irish descent seized the chance to build
4:10
wealth and influence in short order
4:13
Geneovves became one of these major
4:15
operators forging ties with other power
4:18
players such as Charles Lucky Luchiano
4:21
and Frank Costello born Francesco
4:26
this shift from small-time crime to
4:28
bootlegging and beyond would forever
4:31
shape the real mafia stories that
4:34
populate American dark history one of
4:37
Genevves's first significant appearances
4:40
in police records was no mild incident
4:44
it happened in May of
4:46
1924 he crashed his vehicle near
4:49
Prospect Park returning from Coney
4:51
Island another passenger died in the
4:54
wreck while Veto sustained cracked ribs
4:57
and a dislocated shoulder the
4:59
authorities doubted his explanation of a
5:02
simple accident especially after finding
5:04
weapons at the crash site they believed
5:07
a group of rival bootleggers possibly
5:10
targeting Veto had slammed into his car
5:14
this suspicion only gave law enforcement
5:17
its first real taste of his life behind
5:20
the scenes of organized crime though it
5:23
was far from the last time he would
5:25
appear in their files throughout the
5:29
1920s violence swirled around Geneva's
5:32
existence in 1926 he survived a gunshot
5:37
wound to the neck another testament to
5:40
the lethal environment in which he
5:42
operated yet at this time he was linked
5:45
with influential Italian-American
5:47
criminals who operated under the
5:50
umbrella of Joe the boss Maseria
5:53
prohibition the dark impetus that fueled
5:57
so many underworld secrets swelled their
6:00
bank accounts and men like Genev rose in
6:03
tandem with it but for all this wealth
6:06
the era was also steeped in blood feuds
6:10
in 1930 pursuit of territory rackets and
6:13
personal vendettas culminated in the
6:16
lethal Castellamares war sparked by the
6:19
killing of Gaitano Raina an event with
6:23
strong circumstantial evidence
6:24
implicating Geneovves this conflict
6:27
raged for over a year forces loyal to
6:30
Maseria including Veto faced off against
6:34
Salvatoreé Marenzano's power base from
6:36
Castellamore Delo in Sicily killings
6:41
erupted across burrows with alliances
6:44
bending and snapping under strain by
6:47
late 1930 and into 1931 Genevvesi and
6:51
Lucky Luchiano recognized that their
6:54
boss Maseria was losing ground they
6:57
brokered a secret accord with Maranzano
7:00
turning on Maseria if the
7:02
Castellamaray's boss agreed to let them
7:04
share the spoils afterward with that
7:07
pact in place the drama reached its
7:13
1931 maseria was assassinated in a Coney
7:16
Island ery genevves supposedly led the
7:20
group that actually pulled the trigger
7:22
while Luchiano found a convenient excuse
7:25
to excuse himself to the bathroom right
7:28
before the bullets started flying this
7:31
violent day efficiently ended the
7:34
Castellamay's war yet peace was fleeting
7:39
marenzano newly crowned as the boss of
7:41
bosses demanded homage from everyone a
7:45
step that seeded distrust and anger
7:47
toward him sensing trouble Luchiano and
7:51
Genevves struck first they enlisted help
7:54
from Myalanski a luminary in the Jewish
7:58
American underworld hired assassins were
8:01
sent into Maranzano's office they
8:03
stabbed and shot him there in September
8:07
1931 with Marano gone the triumphant
8:11
faction formed a new structure instead
8:14
of concentrating excessive authority in
8:16
one man's hands they created the
8:18
commission a collective board
8:21
representing multiple crime families it
8:24
was intended to prevent the sort of
8:26
all-consuming wars that had recently
8:28
rocked New York's underworld across the
8:31
commission's table sat seven bosses five
8:36
from New York representing the so-called
8:38
five families plus outfits in Buffalo
8:41
and Chicago luchiano refused the exalted
8:46
boss of bosses title knowing it made men
8:49
like Marenzano targets but everyone
8:52
recognized he had substantial pull in
8:56
this arrangement Geneovves stood just
8:58
below Luchiano in their renamed group
9:01
while Frank Costello became the
9:03
influential adviser or
9:05
conciglier despite initial unity future
9:08
antagonism between Genevves and Costello
9:11
would shape the internal minations of
9:15
families outside the realm of gunfights
9:18
and vengeance Genevves's personal life
9:21
took abrupt turns at this same time his
9:24
wife Donata passed away in 1931 from
9:26
tuberculosis leaving a daughter Nancy in
9:29
short order Veto began courting and soon
9:32
married Anna Venotico who was herself
9:35
mired in complicated circumstances
9:37
involving another husband rumors
9:39
abounded that Veto orchestrated Anna's
9:41
previous husband's murder though the
9:43
evidence for that was at best shaky
9:46
regardless Genevies capitalized on the
9:49
talk never denying it perhaps to fortify
9:52
his menacing image prohibition had
9:55
forged these men into wealthy power
9:58
brokers but in 1933 the 18th amendment
10:02
was repealed the entire structure of
10:05
illegal booze collapsed men like
10:08
Geneovves had to pivot quickly many
10:11
turned to the lucrative potential of
10:13
narcotics especially smuggling
10:15
operations from Asia and Europe unsolved
10:19
mysteries indeed swirl around how they
10:22
ran opium and heroin from port to port
10:26
but they also saw potential in gambling
10:29
in those years mobsters experimented
10:32
with gambling hubs not just in Nevada's
10:35
desert Mecca but also in places like
10:37
Galveastston Texas there was no shortage
10:40
of shady possibilities veto ran a
10:43
variety of such operations though the
10:46
details aren't always fully documented
10:49
in 1934 he pulled a major con with an
10:53
associate named Michelle Miranda they
10:56
swindled a merchant who had fallen into
10:58
the clutches of gambling addiction
11:01
tricking him with a rigged card game and
11:03
bizarre claims of a money printing
11:06
machine this netted them a large sum
11:10
however one of their accompllices
11:12
Ferdinand the Shadow Botcher demanded a
11:18
escalated genevves wasn't one to
11:20
negotiate kindly over a share so Botcher
11:23
ended up shot dead in a Brooklyn cafe
11:27
and they had further instructions to
11:29
kill another associate William Gallow
11:32
and set him on fire though Gallow was
11:35
indeed shot that portion of the plan
11:37
flopped they never torched him gallow
11:41
lived and law enforcement took notice
11:44
they suspected Genevese but proving his
11:46
guilt was far from simple if you examine
11:50
Genevvesy's path it's hard to find a
11:52
juncture where murder or violence served
11:55
merely as a last resort instead these
11:59
acts sometimes seemed like first steps
12:02
he reportedly bragged about eliminating
12:04
Anna's estranged husband possibly to
12:07
intimidate future opponents in
12:10
personality however many who encountered
12:12
him claimed he was subdued and calm
12:16
until his temper flared then he could
12:19
become explosively dangerous this trait
12:22
would ironically steer him into trouble
12:24
in later chapters of dark history
12:27
possibly accelerating the mafia's slide
12:30
into broader scrutiny when the
12:32
authorities resumed investigating
12:34
Botcher's murder the heat turned up veto
12:37
faced the risk of life in prison just as
12:40
his close ally Lucky Luchiano went down
12:43
on pimping charges in 1936
12:47
luchiano's downfall was a watershed in
12:50
real mafia stories arrested and tried as
12:54
the orchestrator behind a vast
12:56
prostitution ring he was found guilty
12:59
and handed an extensive prison sentence
13:02
many believed the case wasn't entirely
13:05
honest that he was framed by overzealous
13:08
officials whether that was true or not
13:11
he was exiled to prison in his absence
13:14
Genevvesi took over day-to-day
13:17
operations for what was commonly still
13:19
referred to as the Luciano crime family
13:23
yet the intense efforts by special
13:25
prosecutor Thomas E dwey to root out New
13:28
York's organized crime continued dwey
13:31
named Genevvesi as a key figure
13:34
splashing photos of him across
13:36
newspapers fearing he would suffer
13:38
Luchiano's fate Veto fled he burned down
13:42
his mansion in New Jersey for insurance
13:44
and shipped off to Italy in 1937 with
13:48
large sums of cash and investments
13:51
hoping to lie low abroad but Italy in
13:54
the late 1930s was far from tranquil
13:58
bonito Mussolini's fascist state had
14:00
waged a harsh crackdown on mafia groups
14:03
at least on the surface some claim that
14:06
the government only wanted to co-opt
14:08
these networks or extort them for
14:10
financial gain either way Genevies
14:14
navigated the environment by
14:16
distributing strategic bribes making
14:19
friends with fascist officials and
14:21
allegedly assisting in the murder of an
14:24
outspoken anti-fascist journalist in New
14:27
York he built a massive black market
14:30
enterprise in southern Italy once World
14:33
War II erupted particularly when the
14:36
Allies invaded Sicily in
14:38
1943 he capitalized on US intelligence
14:42
contacts he paved a route for American
14:45
troops using underworld acquaintances to
14:48
help them land in Italy smoothly when
14:51
Mussolini fell Genevvesi continued his
14:54
profitable contraband operations under
14:57
Allied occupation he was brazen enough
15:00
to move large quantities of supplies
15:03
sometimes with official paperwork that
15:05
let him breeze through security
15:07
checkpoints despite his cunning an
15:10
American investigator named Orange C
15:12
dicki began digging into these dealings
15:18
charges eventually Veto was arrested on
15:21
suspicion of black market profitering
15:24
and as the war concluded he was
15:26
extradited back to the US in mid 1945 to
15:30
face that decade old murder charge for
15:33
Bocher yet once again critical witnesses
15:36
either died or vanished the case fell
15:40
apart no sooner was he cleared than he
15:43
received word of a gathering set for
15:45
late 1946 in Havana Cuba orchestrated by
15:50
Myalansky and Lucky Luchiano since his
15:54
release from US prison Luchiano had been
15:56
deported back to Italy but found it
15:59
convenient to host a major mob summit in
16:02
Cuba not far from American shores the
16:06
meeting hashed out expansions into
16:08
gambling ventures on the island but it
16:11
also gave Genevvesi an opening he
16:13
suggested that Luchiano reassert himself
16:16
as boss of bosses and in turn appoint
16:20
Veto to rule in New York while Lucky
16:23
remained forced abroad Luchiano
16:26
supposedly exploded with fury shutting
16:29
down the plan he had refused that grand
16:32
title years before and saw no reason to
16:35
claim it now tensions simmered between
16:38
Genevves and Frank Costello who had held
16:41
control in New York through the war
16:43
years this rivalry would soon fester
16:47
realizing it might be best to build up
16:49
his domain quietly Genevvesi spent the
16:53
late 1940s expanding businesses both
16:56
legitimate and not freight companies
16:59
recycling firms bars and gambling
17:02
rackets dotted his portfolio however the
17:06
NYPD suspected him of deeper involvement
17:09
in narcotics while he was almost
17:11
certainly active in some capacity most
17:15
big bosses remained leerary of diving
17:18
too openly into drug
17:20
operations that market after all was
17:23
prone to heavy legal penalties and
17:26
investigations so for a few years
17:29
Genevves successfully flew under the
17:32
radar still scandal found him in the
17:35
early 1950s in the shape of domestic
17:38
turmoil his marriage to Anna soured she
17:42
publicly took him to court complaining
17:44
of abandonment and demanding support she
17:48
even hinted at Veto's vast fortunes
17:51
though such admissions clashed with the
17:53
mob's ethos of secrecy and family
17:56
loyalty genevves response was both
17:59
characteristic and chilling to quell
18:03
internal gossip he had one of his
18:05
longtime associates Steven France who
18:08
had been overseeing Anna's finances and
18:11
lifestyle taken out joe Velace who would
18:15
one day become a crucial government
18:17
witness carried out the killing in mid
18:21
1953 this act was a stern reminder that
18:24
challenging Veto's decisions could end
18:26
with a bullet even if you were part of
18:29
his inner circle by the mid
18:32
1950s Genevvesi and Costello were locked
18:35
in a simmering competition for true
18:37
headship of what was still commonly
18:39
called the Luchiano crime family both
18:43
men also faced scrutiny from the IRS
18:46
over taxes in 1954 Costello was found
18:50
guilty of tax evasion and locked away
18:53
though he managed through appeals to be
18:57
genevvesi who hoped to fill the void
19:00
found his plans dangling precariously
19:03
when Costello got out sooner than
19:05
expected realizing Costello posed a
19:08
challenge to his ambitions Genevves
19:11
orchestrated a near fatal attack on him
19:14
just as he stepped back into society
19:17
vincent Gigante who once boxed but then
19:20
turned enforcer delivered the bullet
19:23
that grazed Costello's head although
19:26
Frank survived the message was clear
19:29
horrified by the brazen attempt Castello
19:33
soon withdrew from leadership that left
19:36
Genevese in effective control with
19:39
Castello out Genevves turned his sights
19:42
on Albert Anastasia the notoriously
19:45
lethal head of another major New York
19:47
family anastasia was known for his
19:50
unhinged hurry to resort to murder which
19:53
gave him nicknames like the Mad Hatter
19:56
fearing Anastasia might retaliate for
19:59
Castello's forced retirement Genevies
20:02
decided to eliminate him first so in
20:06
October of 1957 hitmen shot Anastasia
20:10
repeatedly while he sat in a barber's
20:12
chair on 7th Avenue ensuring there would
20:15
be no miraculous escape this event
20:18
rocked all corners of the syndicate as
20:21
Anastasia's looming presence had ended
20:23
abruptly in a hail of gunfire by this
20:27
juncture Genevves appeared to hold more
20:30
influence than ever wanting to formalize
20:33
his leadership in late 1957 he organized
20:37
a massive summit of mafia leaders the
20:40
Appalachin Meeting held at the rural
20:42
home of Joseph Barbara in upstate New
20:45
York real mafia stories note that some
20:48
of the nation's most prominent crime
20:50
families converge there intending to
20:53
solidify stances on expansions into Cuba
20:57
harness control of the garment industry
21:00
and other mob matters they also expected
21:03
to affirm Genevves's position as a top
21:05
boss but suspicious neighbors combined
21:09
with police vigilance derailed the
21:11
entire plan officers stopped multiple
21:15
luxury cars recognized known criminals
21:18
and set up roadblocks pandemonium ensued
21:21
as participants sprinted into the woods
21:25
over 60 men were detained including
21:28
Genevesei though the subsequent
21:30
conspiracy convictions were all
21:32
eventually overturned this gathering
21:34
exposed the mob's extensive network more
21:37
than ever before fueling the
21:39
government's determination to strike
21:41
back still Genevvesa had only a short
21:44
time to savor his moment at the top by
21:47
mid 1958 he faced a Senate hearing
21:50
regarding corruption within the labor
21:52
unions some of which he manipulated
21:55
behind the scenes rather than answer
21:58
questions he invoked the Fifth Amendment
22:01
repeatedly even for trivial questions
22:04
like giving his birth date but worst
22:06
developments loomed just around the
22:09
corner in July of that same year he was
22:13
arrested on drug trafficking
22:15
allegations a man named Nelson
22:18
Cantellips claimed to have direct
22:20
knowledge of Geneva's involvement in a
22:22
heroin deal despite a lengthy trial in
22:26
1959 and Genevvesa's desperate denials
22:29
the jury found him guilty many observers
22:32
deemed it unusual for a mafia kingpin to
22:35
orchestrate such a deal personally
22:38
raising suspicions that he may have been
22:40
framed or set up possibly by enemies who
22:44
recognized his ambition as a threat
22:47
nonetheless the verdict stood in
22:51
1960 Genevves formally started his
22:54
15-year prison sentence stepping into
22:57
the penal system for what would be the
22:59
final chapter of his life he began
23:02
serving his time at the federal
23:04
penitentiary in Atlanta Georgia and
23:07
later was moved to another facility
23:10
astonishingly mental testing indicated
23:13
an IQ in the mid80s or mid90s quite low
23:17
for a man perceived as cunning enough to
23:19
manipulate entire infamous
23:22
syndicates the truth remains unclear
23:26
meanwhile inside those institutional
23:28
walls he tried to keep running his
23:31
underworld secrets forging alliances
23:34
with other incarcerated mobsters yet
23:37
paranoia tore through the prison
23:39
corridors one of Genevvesy's old
23:41
associates Joseph Falachi feared for his
23:45
life and eventually flipped testifying
23:48
in 1963 before the same Senate committee
23:52
that had once questioned
23:53
Genevese balachi's confessions about the
23:56
structure and broad scope of organized
23:59
crime prompted a drastic shift in how
24:03
federal agencies targeted the mob with
24:06
widespread publicity around Velace's
24:09
revelations the crackdown
24:11
escalated during this period Genevvesy's
24:15
health declined precipitously he was
24:17
exhausted short of breath and afflicted
24:20
with heart troubles bladder cancer and
24:24
emphyma in February of
24:27
1969 he died behind bars in a Missouri
24:30
medical center his funeral was
24:33
surprisingly modest for a man who had
24:36
once declared himself the ultimate
24:38
puppet master attendance hovered just
24:41
above 100 including school children from
24:43
his daughter's class no grand eulogies
24:47
no sumptuous parades it was a quiet end
24:50
for someone who had dreamed of wearing
24:53
the mantle of boss of bosses echoing the
24:56
ambitions of so many notorious kingpins
25:00
retrospectively Genevies's downfall
25:03
symbolized a turning point for
25:05
Kosanostra by the late 1960s law
25:08
enforcement and politicians ramped up
25:11
efforts to dismantle the crime families
25:14
in the 1970s and 1980s wave after wave
25:18
of indictments crashed down on the mob's
25:21
operations in New York Chicago Las Vegas
25:26
and elsewhere the wide-reaching powers
25:29
of new laws targeted corrupt unions and
25:33
racketeering with fresh vigor that
25:36
coupled with massive sentences for
25:38
drugrelated crimes prompted more rank
25:40
and file criminals to cooperate with
25:44
among the most dramatic examples was the
25:47
conviction of John Gotti often known as
25:50
the Teflon dawn in the early 1990s which
25:54
signaled how thoroughly the climate had
25:56
shifted the era that had smuggled so
25:59
many unsolved mysteries like
26:02
clanderstein bootlegging and narcotics
26:04
trafficking into everyday life was
26:07
nearly gone veto Genevvesy's career
26:10
illustrates the arc of the American
26:12
mafia itself smuggling and extortion
26:16
soared in an era of prohibition and
26:19
soared again when GIs returned home
26:22
hungry for new vices yet these
26:25
expansions also sewed the seeds of the
26:28
syndicate's eventual collapse genevves
26:31
epitomized the cunning and viciousness
26:34
that gave the mafia its legendary power
26:37
and also ensured that authorities would
26:39
come to fear and prosecute it as a
26:41
national menace more than a figure who
26:44
simply inherited Lucky Luchiano's
26:46
organization he actively shaped it
26:49
always pursuing an even stronger hold
26:52
over the underworld secrets but that
26:55
relentless aggression also bred
26:58
resentments fueling conspiracies from
27:00
within and raising the temperature for
27:04
in trying to become an undisputed
27:06
commander he inadvertently galvanized
27:09
the forces determined to crack the whole
27:13
enterprise wide open in the end he
27:16
stands out in the real mafia stories
27:19
pantheon as both the man who secured
27:22
ephemeral dominance in the infamous
27:24
syndicates of mid-century New York and
27:27
the power seeker whose meddling helped
27:30
unravel the very structure that gave
27:33
rise to these clandestine empires did
27:36
his ruthless machinations and dramatic
27:39
attempts to seize supreme authority
27:41
hasten the downfall of a major criminal
27:44
phenomenon in America many experts say
27:48
yes that by drawing attention to the
27:50
underworld scale and savage feuds
27:53
Genevies forced federal agencies to
27:56
strike back more fiercely others argue
27:59
the mafia was always fated to face a day
28:02
of reckoning he just set off the chain
28:05
reaction sooner regardless history will
28:09
forever remember Veto Genevvesi as a
28:11
figure entwined with prohibition the
28:14
violent hierarchy of crime families
28:17
narcotics conspiracies and the labyrinth
28:20
of connections that spanned Italy to New
28:23
York and beyond his story remains a
28:26
defining episode in organized crime law
28:30
an account threaded with betrayal
28:32
ambition brutality and fleeting glory
28:36
and the legacy he left behind stands as
28:39
a cautionary parable of how a man's
28:42
relentless quest for the top spot in the
28:45
dark history of the American mafia can
28:49
ultimately unravel the entire tapestry