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Python Variables & Constants Explained Simply (For Beginners) (Python Tutorial #4)
Jun 20, 2025
Welcome to Part 1 of the Python Fundamentals series! 🎉
In this video, we’ll break down two of the most essential concepts in Python — variables and constants — in the simplest way possible.
Whether you're a complete beginner or just brushing up your basics, this video will help you understand:
✅ What variables are
✅ How to assign and update values
✅ What constants are (and why we use ALL CAPS for them)
✅ Real-life examples to make it all stick!
Python doesn’t have to be scary. Let’s learn it together — one concept at a time.
📌 Next video: We’ll talk about how Python reads your code line by line and what comments are (spoiler: they’re lifesavers!).
🔗 Useful Links:
â–¶ Download Python: https://www.python.org/downloads
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0:00
hey guys welcome back to this channel if
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you're new then welcome to this channel
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well I'm back with one more interesting
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video and today we are going to talk
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about Python fundamentals these are
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really important because fundamentals
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will act as building blocks and will be
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a strong base for your coding so let's
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start with these fundamentals
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so we are going to learn about variables
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in Python constants in Python sentences
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or lines and even comments in Python
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so yeah let's start with variables in
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Python all right let's start with
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something super important which is
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variables so think of variables like
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storage boxes yeah like the ones you use
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at home you can label the box and throw
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anything inside if you want to change
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what's inside later you can do that no
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problem in Python variables work exactly
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like that they are just the names we
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give to the values so we can reuse them
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in our code like for example if you open
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your editor coding editor and for
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example I'm creating a new file called
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variable dot py
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and here I'm going to create a variable
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called snack so
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and I am adding chocolate in this and
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when you print the snack
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what happens what can be the output i
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want you to pause at this particular
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point and please comment down the output
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don't worry I'm going to go through it
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i'm going to see it if you still have
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any doubts you can just pause at the
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moment and you can just still add your
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comment and I'm going to go there and
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check
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so when you run this I'm using this run
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python button and it will give you the
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chocolate you can do something like you
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can go to the command prompt and you can
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still do the same thing as you know we
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have discussed this before
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so you just have to say variable py and
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it will still work for you so you're
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printing the snack not the exact
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chocolate that's the difference
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so what you're doing here you are just
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creating a variable called snack and you
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told Python it holds the word chocolate
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and when you print it Python gives you
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back the chocolate easy right and now
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here is the cool part variables can
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change some like for example you don't
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like chocolate and you like chips maybe
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and you can just add chips here and when
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you run the code and you will see chips
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as output this time
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so if you suddenly want to turn the
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chocolate into chips you can do that and
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Python is like okay boss update i
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updated chocolate to chips cool right so
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this is all about what exactly a
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variable a variable is something like a
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label to the box that you give like for
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example there is a box named snack and
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you kept inside the chocolate in like
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I'm sorry you kept chocolate inside the
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box named snacks and whenever you want
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snacks whenever you want chocolate you
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will just ask you will just use the word
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snack and you will get your chocolate
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and the good thing is you can change the
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chocolate to chips or any other snack
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that you like and you can just you know
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change the value here and it will
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reflect immediately when you print the
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name snack
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i hope you understood what exactly is a
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variable and one more thing is we use
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variables in multiple times in multiple
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ways in whenever you are declaring a co
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code or whenever you want to add numbers
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and whenever you want to save someone's
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name so variable plays really a very
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important role when dealing with the
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huge operations in the upcoming chapters
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you will understand how we use variable
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and one more important thing is you have
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to give a meaningful name whenever you
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are creating a variable like for example
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when you're uh storing customers name
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you can keep customer name whenever you
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are giving customer's age I would say
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customer's age so you have to give a
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meaningful name in such a way that
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variable itself will define its value
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like okay this particular variable is
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holding a snack item this particular uh
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this particular variable is holding a
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person's name a person's age a person's
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date of birth something like that so
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variable is really important always try
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to keep in mind that give a useful
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meaningful name that you can understand
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and you can work on it as easy as
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possible
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so giving a meaningful name also helps
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the developers like for example if two
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members are working and I kept a
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variable name as a a equal to 100 and
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now the other de developer will come and
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see and he'll be like he or she'll be
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like what exactly is a what it is
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holding what it's meaning what does it
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mean so that's how they feel whenever
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they see or go through your code
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so that's the value of giving a
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meaningful name
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so in Python how do you declare a
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variable in Python you can declare a
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variable by assigning a value to a
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chosen name and you do not need to
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explicitly uh give any data type so in
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Python that's how you will declare a
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variable by just giving a value to the
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name that you have given so you don't
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have to give any uh data type before
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assigning the value and because Python
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will understand it all as I said before
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so this is how Python will actually
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determine the variable and it will
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understand the type of the variable okay
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now let's talk about constants in Python
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these are values that you don't want to
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change python doesn't have any strict
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rule for constants like some other
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languages because by the convention we
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write constants in all caps to remind
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ourselves like hey don't mess with this
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like for example
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uh I think you're getting my point
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constant is actually a value that you
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cannot change that you can never change
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like for example in maths we have a
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value called pi right the value of pi is
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3.14
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and you cannot change that value because
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it is already there and it is already
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determined and you can never change the
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value of pi so we can say that as a
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constant so like that we have many
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constants in science and maths
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so whenever you are dealing with the
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constants whenever you want to uh give a
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value that can never be changed either
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by you or any other developer out there
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so at the time you can give something
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like constants
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so you don't uh use any keyword as I
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said before for before giving any um
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data type like here
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constant
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integer
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equal to or maybe constant
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pi = 3.14
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you don't have to give that you don't
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have to do that because Python will
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actually understand that it's already a
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constant you don't have to explicitly
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you don't have to call by yourself you
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just have to give it like this now
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Python will understand okay this is a
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constant because we are writing
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constants in capital letters caps okay
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so whenever you're giving a variable in
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caps then Python will understand by
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itself that it is a constant
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okay so this is how the constant will be
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and you will never change the value of a
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constant whenever you are giving any
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value in capitals even the person who is
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working with you will understand that
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okay this can never be changed because
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this is a constant so that's the
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difference between variable and constant
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the value of variable can be changed any
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time at any case but constant you can
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never change that
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but the concept of constant is actually
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for ourself to understand for us because
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we are telling ourselves and anyone else
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who reads that particular code
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that this value shouldn't be changed
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technically Python will still let you
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change the value of pi but that would be
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like breaking your own rule right trust
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me the future in the future you'll be
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really annoyed like what's going on here
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you can still change it
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but it's for us the concept itself is
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for us
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i hope you guys will remember variables
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are changeable boxes like age and
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constants are fixed values like max uses
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100
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so here are some of the examples of
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numerical constants that you can still
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you know understand like
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can be represented either in floating
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point or even you know in integer
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integer float
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and here you see
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text constants are represented using
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single quotes
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and double quotes there is not much
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difference but you can still see but you
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just have to tell your developer tell
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your team that it's a constant
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there is no change in the difference
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it's a variable still but it can be a
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constant
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and there you go that's how variables
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and constants work in Python it's super
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simple right you'll be using them all
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the time as you start building your own
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programs and if this made sense so far
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give this video a quick like and because
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it helps a lot and hey if you're still
10:53
just getting started with Python hit
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that subscribe button so you don't miss
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the next parts where you go deeper in
10:59
Python basics think you're ready for the
11:02
next one right let's roll then see you
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in the next one