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jet aircraft fuel systems are far more
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intricate than those found in
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reciprocating engine aircraft they are
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designed with built-in redundancy
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offering multiple options for the flight
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crew to manage the aircraft's fuel load
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efficiently and safely unique features
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like the onboard auxiliary power unit
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single point pressure refueling and fuel
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jettison systems add to their complexity
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to simplify we can break down the jet
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transport fuel system into five major
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subsystems storage vent distribution
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feed and indicating fuel is stored in
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integral tanks which are part of the
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aircraft's wing structure this design
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utilizes the wings themselves as sealed
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tanks additionally Center Wing or
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fuselage tanks are common often equipped
0:52
with either a sealed structure or
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bladder type design depending on the
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aircraft these tanks can store tens of
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thousands of pounds of fuel
1:00
some aircraft offer optional longrange
1:03
auxiliary tanks for transoceanic flights
1:05
typically located in the fuselage while
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these tanks increase range they also add
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management surge tanks located in the
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wing structure are another critical
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component these normally empty tanks
1:20
handle fuel overflow and assist with
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venting a check valve allows fuel to
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drain back into the main tanks when
1:27
necessary transport category fuel system
1:30
require venting similar to reciprocating
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engine aircraft fuel systems a series of
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vent tubing and channels exists that
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connects all tanks to vent space in the
1:39
surge tanks or vent overboard venting
1:42
must be configured to ensure the fuel is
1:44
vented regardless of the attitude of the
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aircraft or the quantity of fuel on
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board this sometimes requires the
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installation of various check valves
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float valves and multiple vent locations
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tank a transport category aircraft fuel
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distribution subsystem consists of the
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pressure fueling components defueling
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components transfer system and fuel
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jettison or dump system single point
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pressure fueling at a fueling station
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accessible by ramp refueling trucks
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allows all aircraft fuel tanks to be
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filled with one connection of the fuel
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hose leading and trailing Edge Wing
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locations are common for these stations
2:22
to fuel with pressure refueling a hose
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nozzle is attached at the fueling
2:26
station and valves to the tanks required
2:28
to be filled are opened these valves are
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called fueling valves or refueling
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valves the fuel transfer system is a
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series of plumbing and valves that
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permits movement of fuel from one tank
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to another on board the aircraft intank
2:43
fuel boost pumps move the fuel into a
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manifold and by opening the fuel valve
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or refueling valve for the desired tank
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the fuel is transferred not all jet
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transports have such fuel transfer
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capability through the use of a fuel
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feed manifold and cross feed valves some
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aircraft simp simply allow engines to be
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run off fuel from any tank as a means
3:03
for managing fuel location dedicated
3:05
transfer boost pumps move fuel into a
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transfer manifold opening the fuel valve
3:10
on one of the tanks transfers the fuel
3:12
into that tank the transfer manifold and
3:15
boost pumps are also used to jettison
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fuel overboard by opening the proper
3:19
dump valves with the transfer boost
3:20
pumps operating additionally the
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transfer system can function to supply
3:25
the engines if the normal engine fuel
3:30
the fuel feed subsystem is sometimes
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considered part of the fuel distribution
3:34
system it is the heart of the fuel
3:36
system since it delivers fuel to the
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engines jet Transport Aircraft Supply
3:41
fuel to the engines via intank fuel
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boost pumps usually two per tank they
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Pump Fuel Under Pressure through a shut
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off valve for each engine a manifold or
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connecting tubing typically allows any
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tank to supply any engine through the
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use of cross feed valves boost pump
3:56
bypasses allow fuel flow should a pump
3:59
fail the engines are designed to be able
4:01
to run without any fuel boost pumps
4:03
operating but each engine's shut off
4:06
valve must be open to allow flow to the
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tanks finally we have fuel indicating
4:13
systems modern jets are equipped with
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Advanced indicators that monitor fuel
4:17
quantity temperature and flow
4:19
capacitance type sensors provide precise
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fuel level readings while flow
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indicators track engine consumption in
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real time in high altitude freezing
4:28
conditions temperature temperature
4:30
gauges help prevent issues like fuel
4:32
freezing other Warning Systems include
4:35
filter bypass lights which alert the
4:37
crew to clogged filters and low pressure
4:39
indicators for potential boost pump
4:41
failures fuel systems and large jets are
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engineered for safety efficiency and
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flexibility from storage and
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distribution to monitoring and
4:50
redundancy these systems ensure that
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modern airliners can safely transport
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passengers and cargo across vast
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distances thanks for watching
